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In 1958, David Finkelstein used general relativity to introduce a stricter definition of a local black hole event horizon as a boundary beyond which events of any kind cannot affect an outside observer, leading to information and firewall paradoxes, encouraging the re-examination of the concept of local event horizons and the notion of black ...
For example, in the fuzzball model [207] based on string theory, the individual states of a black hole solution do not generally have an event horizon or singularity, but for a classical/semiclassical observer the statistical average of such states appears just as an ordinary black hole as deduced from general relativity.
(Supermassive black holes up to 21 billion (2.1 × 10 10) M ☉ have been detected, such as NGC 4889.) [16] Unlike stellar mass black holes, supermassive black holes have comparatively low average densities. (Note that a (non-rotating) black hole is a spherical region in space that surrounds the singularity at its center; it is not the ...
Directly next to a black hole's event horizon, one of the elements of a virtual particle-antiparticle pair (either the particle or the antiparticle) gets sucked into the black hole, leaving the other to be emitted out into spacetime; this is the source of Hawking radiation.
Jacob Bekenstein - for the foundation of black hole thermodynamics and the elucidation of the relation between entropy and the area of a black hole's event horizon. Karl Schwarzschild - found a solution to the equations of general relativity that characterizes a black hole.
An absolute horizon is thought of as the boundary of a black hole. In the context of black holes, the absolute horizon is generally referred to as an event horizon, though this is often used as a more general term for all types of horizons. The absolute horizon is just one type of horizon.
Closed trapped surfaces are a concept used in black hole solutions of general relativity [1] which describe the inner region of an event horizon. Roger Penrose defined the notion of closed trapped surfaces in 1965. [2] A trapped surface is one where light is not moving away from the black hole.
Event horizon, a boundary in spacetime beyond which events cannot affect the observer, thus referring to a black hole's boundary and the boundary of an expanding universe; Apparent horizon, a surface defined in general relativity; Cauchy horizon, a surface found in the study of Cauchy problems; Cosmological horizon, a limit of observability