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Numerous pinning techniques have been proposed, however there is not enough evidence to determine which is more effective. [1] Pinning involves the manipulation, with X-ray guidance, of the fracture into an acceptable position, and the immediate insertion of metal pins, called Kirschner wires, through the skin, into one bone fragment and across the fracture line into the other bone fragment.
In such cases, the area around the pin becomes red and swollen and may start to drain pus. Usually this infection clears up after removal of the pin. Breakage: K-wires may bend or break, especially if the fracture does not heal. [2] Loss of fixation: Smooth K-wires may back out of the bone losing the fixation.
External fixation is a surgical treatment wherein Kirschner pins and wires are inserted and affixed into bone and then exit the body to be attached to an external apparatus composed of rings and threaded rods — the Ilizarov apparatus, the Taylor Spatial Frame, and the Octopod External Fixator — which immobilises the damaged limb to facilitate healing. [1]
In medicine, the Ilizarov apparatus is a type of external fixation apparatus used in orthopedic surgery to lengthen or to reshape the damaged bones of an arm or a leg; used as a limb-sparing technique for treating complex fractures and open bone fractures; and used to treat an infected non-union of bones, which cannot be surgically resolved.
A Taylor Spatial Frame on the left leg consisting of metal rings, pins and struts. The Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF) is an external fixator used by podiatric and orthopaedic surgeons to treat complex fractures [1] and bone deformities. The medical device shares a number of components and features of the Ilizarov apparatus.
823 Fracture of tibia and fibula; 824 Fracture of ankle; 825 Fracture of one or more tarsal and metatarsal bones; 826 Fracture of one or more phalanges of foot; 827 Other, multiple, and ill-defined fractures of lower limb; 828 Multiple fractures involving both lower limbs, lower with upper limb, and lower limb(s) with rib(s) and sternum; 829 ...
Orthopedic casts or just casts are a form of medical treatment used to immobilize and support bones and soft tissues during the healing process after fractures, surgeries, or severe injuries. By restricting movement, casts provide stability to the affected area, enabling proper alignment and healing of bones, ligaments, and tendons.
An intramedullary rod, also known as an intramedullary nail (IM nail) or inter-locking nail or Küntscher nail (without proximal or distal fixation), is a metal rod forced into the medullary cavity of a bone. IM nails have long been used to treat fractures of long bones of the body.