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To know is a feeling (unconscious) of familiarity. It is the sensation that the item has been seen before, but not being able to pin down the reason why. [1] Knowing simply reflects the familiarity of an item without recollection. [1] Knowing utilizes semantic memory that requires perceptually based, data-driven processing.
Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that examines the nature, origin, and limits of knowledge.Also called "theory of knowledge", it explores different types of knowledge, such as propositional knowledge about facts, practical knowledge in the form of skills, and knowledge by acquaintance as a familiarity through experience.
Whereas knowledge by description is something like ordinary propositional knowledge (e.g. "I know that snow is white"), knowledge by acquaintance is familiarity with a person, place, or thing, typically obtained through perceptual experience (e.g. "I know Sam", "I know the city of Bogotá", or "I know Russell's Problems of Philosophy"). [1]
Further, by discrediting the outcome knowledge, people are better able to accurately retrieve their original knowledge state, therefore reducing the hindsight bias. [28] Errors in being able to differentiate between ‘remembering’ versus ‘knowing’ can be attributed to a phenomenon known as source monitoring. This is a framework where one ...
Despite being largely unaware of how one person in particular is evaluating them, people are better at knowing what other people on the whole think. [41] The reflected appraisal model assumes that actual appraisals determine perceived appraisals. Although this may in fact occur, the influence of a common third variable could also produce an ...
People's skills, experiences, insight, creativity and judgement all fall into this dimension. [7] Tacit knowledge can also be described as know-how, distinguishing from know-that or facts. [6] Before Polanyi, Gilbert Ryle published a paper in 1945 drawing the distinction between knowing-that (knowledge of proposition) and knowing-how.
A clearer contrast is between knowledge-that and knowledge-how . [77] Know-how is also referred to as practical knowledge or ability knowledge. It is expressed in formulations like, "I know how to ride a bike." [7] [9] [76] All forms of practical knowledge involve some type of competence, i.e., having the ability to do something.
Tacit knowledge can be defined as skills, ideas and experiences that are possessed by people but are not codified and may not necessarily be easily expressed. [5] With tacit knowledge, people are not often aware of the knowledge they possess or how it can be valuable to others.