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This is a list of unusually long mathematical proofs. Such proofs often use computational proof methods and may be considered non-surveyable. As of 2011, the longest mathematical proof, measured by number of published journal pages, is the classification of finite simple groups with well over 10000 pages. There are several proofs that would be ...
Bertrand's postulate and a proof; Estimation of covariance matrices; Fermat's little theorem and some proofs; Gödel's completeness theorem and its original proof; Mathematical induction and a proof; Proof that 0.999... equals 1; Proof that 22/7 exceeds π; Proof that e is irrational; Proof that π is irrational
Craig's theorem (mathematical logic) Craig's interpolation theorem (mathematical logic) Cramér’s decomposition theorem ; Cramér's theorem (large deviations) (probability) Cramer's theorem (algebraic curves) (analytic geometry) Cramér–Wold theorem (measure theory) Critical line theorem (number theory) Crooks fluctuation theorem
Manin published a proof in 1963, but Coleman (1990) found and corrected a gap in the proof. In 1973 Britton published a 282-page attempted solution of Burnside's problem. In his proof he assumed the existence of a set of parameters satisfying some inequalities, but Adian pointed out that these inequalities were inconsistent.
Then the formula for the map is exactly the same as when the domain is the integers: an 'even' such rational is divided by 2; an 'odd' such rational is multiplied by 3 and then 1 is added. A closely related fact is that the Collatz map extends to the ring of 2-adic integers , which contains the ring of rationals with odd denominators as a subring.
This category includes articles on basic topics related to mathematical proofs, including terminology and proof techniques. Related categories: Pages which contain only proofs (of claims made in other articles) should be placed in the subcategory Category:Article proofs.
The expression "mathematical proof" is used by lay people to refer to using mathematical methods or arguing with mathematical objects, such as numbers, to demonstrate something about everyday life, or when data used in an argument is numerical. It is sometimes also used to mean a "statistical proof" (below), especially when used to argue from data.
In mathematics, a proof by infinite descent, also known as Fermat's method of descent, is a particular kind of proof by contradiction [1] used to show that a statement cannot possibly hold for any number, by showing that if the statement were to hold for a number, then the same would be true for a smaller number, leading to an infinite descent and ultimately a contradiction. [2]