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An asset's initial book value is its actual cash value or its acquisition cost. Cash assets are recorded or "booked" at actual cash value. Assets such as buildings, land and equipment are valued based on their acquisition cost, which includes the actual cash cost of the asset plus certain costs tied to the purchase of the asset, such as broker fees.
An asset should also be impaired in accordance with IAS 36 Impairment of Assets if its recoverable amount falls below its carrying amount. [1] Recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less costs to sell and its value in use (estimate of future cash flows the entity expects to derive from the asset).
The carrying value is defined as the value of the asset appearing on the balance sheet. The recoverable amount is the higher of either the asset's future value [12] for the company or the amount it can be sold for, minus any transaction costs. [13] [14]
When an asset is sold that has previously been revalued, the revaluation within the carrying value is debited to the Revaluation Reserve. When assets are revalued, every balance sheet shall show for a specified period of years, the amount of increase or decrease made in respect of each class of assets. Similarly, the increased/decreased value ...
the asset is still held at the end of year 1, when its market value is $120; the company sells the asset in year 2 for $115; At the end year 1 the asset is recorded in the balance sheet at cost of $100. No account is taken of the increase in value from $100 to $120 in year 1. In year 2 the company records a sale of $115.
Moreover, an asset held for sale is valued at the lower of either: the asset's carrying cost; or; the asset's fair value less the cost of selling this asset. Non-current assets 'held for sale' should be presented separately on the face of the statement of financial position as a current asset.
Under most financial accounting standards (Standard Accounting Statement (SAS) 3 and IAS 16), the value of fixed assets are recorded and reported at net book value. Also, carrying assets at net book value is the most meaningful way to capture asset values for the owners of the business and potential investors.
Any asset recorded in a firm's balance sheet will have a carrying value. By definition, the carrying value must equal the historic cost (or acquisition cost) of the asset, plus (or minus) any subsequent adjustments in the value of the asset, such as depreciation. Carrying value = Historic cost + Change in value