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Methemoglobinemia can be due to certain medications, chemicals, or food or it can be inherited. [2] Substances involved may include benzocaine, nitrites, or dapsone. [3] The underlying mechanism involves some of the iron in hemoglobin being converted from the ferrous [Fe 2+] to the ferric [Fe 3+] form. [3]
If drug-induced nonautoimmune hemolytic anemia occurs secondarily to drug induced methemoglobinemia, methylene blue can be used as a first-line therapy. However methylene blue should be avoided in those with a concomitant G6PD deficiency as methylene blue may cause further oxidative hemolysis.
In some cases, a drug can cause the immune system to mistakenly think the body's own red blood cells are dangerous, foreign substances. Antibodies then develop against the red blood cells. The antibodies attach to red blood cells and cause them to break down too early. It is known that more than 150 drugs can cause this type of hemolytic anemia ...
This condition can also be caused by or occur with another disorder (secondary) or rarely, occur following the use of certain drugs (such as penicillin) or after a person has a blood and marrow stem cell transplant. [14] Secondary causes of autoimmune hemolytic anemia include: [14] Autoimmune diseases, such as lupus; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
This is a list of drugs and substances that are known or suspected to cause Stevens–Johnson syndrome This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources .
Another was that by virtue of being a combination drug, it was less likely to cause drug resistance. However, because dapsone causes hemolytic anemia in patients with G6PD deficiency, and because G6PD deficiency affects 10-25% of the population of sub-Saharan Africa, it was discovered that Lapdap is not safe for use in Africa.
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Cetacaine can have interaction with other drugs being taken by patients one of the interactions that can lead to methemoglobinemia is the interaction with sodium nitrate as well as prilocaine, which can lead to severe illness or death. [8] As well as others listed on the referenced site. [8]