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  2. Glutamate (neurotransmitter) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate_(neurotransmitter)

    Glutamate is a very major constituent of a wide variety of proteins; consequently it is one of the most abundant amino acids in the human body. [1] Glutamate is formally classified as a non-essential amino acid, because it can be synthesized (in sufficient quantities for health) from α-ketoglutaric acid, which is produced as part of the citric acid cycle by a series of reactions whose ...

  3. Glutamic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamic_acid

    Glutamic acid (symbol Glu or E; [4] the anionic form is known as glutamate) is an α-amino acid that is used by almost all living beings in the biosynthesis of proteins.It is a non-essential nutrient for humans, meaning that the human body can synthesize enough for its use.

  4. Glutamate receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate_receptor

    Glutamate receptors are synaptic and non synaptic receptors located primarily on the membranes of neuronal and glial cells. [1] Glutamate (the conjugate base of glutamic acid) is abundant in the human body, but particularly in the nervous system and especially prominent in the human brain where it is the body's most prominent neurotransmitter ...

  5. NMDA receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMDA_receptor

    Its ion channel opens only when the following two conditions are met: glutamate is bound to the receptor, and the postsynaptic cell is depolarized (which removes the Mg 2+ blocking the channel). This property of the NMDA receptor explains many aspects of long-term potentiation (LTP) and synaptic plasticity .

  6. Neurotransmitter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotransmitter

    If the cell body is normally in an inhibited state, the only way to generate an action potential at the axon hillock is to reduce the cell body's inhibition. In this "open the gates" strategy, the excitatory message is like a racehorse ready to run down the track, but first, the inhibitory starting gate must be removed.

  7. Glutamate transporter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate_transporter

    Glutamate transporters are a family of neurotransmitter transporter proteins that move glutamate the principal excitatory neurotransmitter – across a membrane.The family of glutamate transporters is composed of two primary subclasses: the excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) family and vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) family.

  8. Neurochemical - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurochemical

    Glutamate is the most common neurotransmitter. Most neurons secrete with glutamate or GABA. Glutamate is excitatory, meaning that the release of glutamate by one cell usually causes adjacent cells to fire an action potential. (Note: Glutamate is chemically identical to the MSG commonly used to flavor food.)

  9. Excitatory synapse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excitatory_synapse

    These levels are maintained via the recycling of glutamate molecules in the neuronal-glial cell process known as the glutamate–glutamine cycle, in which glutamate is synthesized from its precursor glutamine in a controlled manner in order to maintain an adequate supply of the neurotransmitter. [3]