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  2. Glutamate (neurotransmitter) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate_(neurotransmitter)

    Glutamate is a very major constituent of a wide variety of proteins; consequently it is one of the most abundant amino acids in the human body. [1] Glutamate is formally classified as a non-essential amino acid, because it can be synthesized (in sufficient quantities for health) from α-ketoglutaric acid, which is produced as part of the citric acid cycle by a series of reactions whose ...

  3. NMDA receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMDA_receptor

    Its ion channel opens only when the following two conditions are met: glutamate is bound to the receptor, and the postsynaptic cell is depolarized (which removes the Mg 2+ blocking the channel). This property of the NMDA receptor explains many aspects of long-term potentiation (LTP) and synaptic plasticity .

  4. Glutamate transporter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate_transporter

    Glutamate transporters are a family of neurotransmitter transporter proteins that move glutamate the principal excitatory neurotransmitter – across a membrane.The family of glutamate transporters is composed of two primary subclasses: the excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) family and vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) family.

  5. Glutamic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamic_acid

    Glutamate also plays an important role in the body's disposal of excess or waste nitrogen. Glutamate undergoes deamination, an oxidative reaction catalysed by glutamate dehydrogenase, [17] as follows: glutamate + H 2 O + NADP + → α-ketoglutarate + NADPH + NH 3 + H + Ammonia (as ammonium) is then excreted predominantly as urea, synthesised in ...

  6. Glutamate receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate_receptor

    Glutamate receptors are synaptic and non synaptic receptors located primarily on the membranes of neuronal and glial cells. [1] Glutamate (the conjugate base of glutamic acid) is abundant in the human body, but particularly in the nervous system and especially prominent in the human brain where it is the body's most prominent neurotransmitter ...

  7. Glutamate–glutamine cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate–glutamine_cycle

    The glutamate/GABA–glutamine cycle is a metabolic pathway that describes the release of either glutamate or GABA from neurons which is then taken up into astrocytes (non-neuronal glial cells). In return, astrocytes release glutamine to be taken up into neurons for use as a precursor to the synthesis of either glutamate or GABA.

  8. Glutamate carboxypeptidase II - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate_carboxypeptidase_II

    Glutamate is a common and abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system; however, if there is too much glutamate transmission, this can kill or at least damage neurons and has been implicated in many neurological diseases and disorders [37] therefore the balance that NAAG peptidase contributes to is quite important.

  9. Glutaminase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutaminase

    Glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2, glutaminase I, L-glutaminase, glutamine aminohydrolase) is an amidohydrolase enzyme that generates glutamate from glutamine. Glutaminase has tissue-specific isoenzymes. Glutaminase has an important role in glial cells. Glutaminase catalyzes the following reaction: Glutamine + H 2 O → glutamate + NH + 4