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ECMAScript (/ ˈ ɛ k m ə s k r ɪ p t /; ES) [1] is a standard for scripting languages, including JavaScript, JScript, and ActionScript. It is best known as a JavaScript standard intended to ensure the interoperability of web pages across different web browsers. [2] It is standardized by Ecma International in the document ECMA-262.
The proposed fourth edition of ECMA-262 (ECMAScript 4 or ES4) would have been the first major update to ECMAScript since the third edition was published in 1999. The specification (along with a reference implementation) was originally targeted for completion by October 2008. [ 15 ]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 15 December 2024. High-level programming language Not to be confused with Java (programming language), Javanese script, or ECMAScript. JavaScript Screenshot of JavaScript source code Paradigm Multi-paradigm: event-driven, functional, imperative, procedural, object-oriented Designed by Brendan Eich of ...
Nashorn is a JavaScript engine developed in the Java programming language originally by Oracle and later by the OpenJDK Community. It relies on the support for dynamically typed languages on the Java Platform (JSR 292) (a concept first realized in the experimental Da Vinci Machine and a standard part of Java 7 and later.)
Babel is a free and open-source JavaScript transcompiler that is mainly used to convert ECMAScript 2015+ (ES6+) code into backwards-compatible JavaScript code that can be run by older JavaScript engines. It allows web developers to take advantage of the newest features of the language. [4]
Tamarin: An ActionScript and ECMAScript engine used in Adobe Flash. GNU Guile features an ECMAScript interpreter as of version 1.9; iv, ECMAScript Lexer / Parser / Interpreter / VM / method JIT written in C++. [9] CL-JavaScript: Can compile JavaScript to machine language on Common Lisp implementations that compile to machine language. [10]
CommonJS's specification of how modules should work is widely used today for server-side JavaScript with Node.js. [1] It is also used for browser-side JavaScript, but that code must be packaged with a transpiler since browsers don't support CommonJS. [1]
ECMAScript for XML (E4X) was an extension to ECMAScript (which includes ActionScript, JavaScript, and JScript) to add native support for XML. [1] The goal was to provide a simpler alternative to the DOM interface for accessing XML documents.