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Urinary bladder disease includes urinary bladder inflammation such as cystitis, bladder rupture and bladder obstruction (tamponade).Cystitis is common, sometimes referred to as urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by bacteria, bladder rupture occurs when the bladder is overfilled and not emptied while bladder tamponade is a result of blood clot formation near the bladder outlet.
[citation needed] It is a common side effect of some types of surgery, termed postsurgical ileus. It can also result from certain drugs and from various injuries and illnesses, such as acute pancreatitis. A temporary paralysis of a portion of the intestines occurs typically after abdominal surgery.
After eating contaminated food, the first symptoms of infection can emerge anywhere from 1 to 10 days later, but usually after 3 to 4 days. [9] These early symptoms can include diarrhea (which is often bloody), stomach cramps, mild fever, [10] or vomiting that results in dehydration and reduced urine. [9]
Eosinophilic cystitis is a rare type of interstitial cystitis first reported in 1960 by Edwin Brown. [1] Eosinophilic cystitis has been linked to a number of etiological factors, including allergies, bladder tumors, trauma to the bladder, parasitic infections, and chemotherapy drugs, though the exact cause of the condition is still unknown.
A post-void residual urine greater than 50 ml is a significant amount of urine and increases the potential for recurring urinary tract infections. [citation needed] In adults older than 60 years, 50-100 ml of residual urine may remain after each voiding because of the decreased contractility of the detrusor muscle. [7]
Urethral syndrome is defined as symptoms suggestive of a lower urinary tract infection but in the absence of significant bacteriuria with a conventional pathogen. [1] It is a diagnosis of exclusion in patients with dysuria and frequency without demonstrable infection. [2] In women, vaginitis should also be ruled out. [3]
Because it measures the thickness of the bladder wall, it is useful in cases of recurrent Urinary tract infections. [13] One study found that, in contrast to simple recurrent UTIs, which typically have a bladder wall thickness of less than 3 mm, cystitis cystica is indicated by values of bladder wall thickness greater than 3 mm. [14]
Pain during urination; Urinary tract infection; Prostatitis; Inability to completely empty the bladder. Some people with severe urethral strictures are completely unable to urinate. This is referred to as acute urinary retention, and is a medical emergency. Hydronephrosis and kidney failure may also occur. [3] [4]