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Refusenik (Russian: отказник, romanized: otkaznik, from отказ (otkaz) 'refusal'; alternatively spelled refusnik) was an unofficial term for individuals—typically, but not exclusively, Soviet Jews—who were denied permission to emigrate, primarily to Israel, by the authorities of the Soviet Union and other countries of the Soviet ...
The Soviet Jewry movement was an international human rights campaign that advocated for the right of Jews in the Soviet Union to emigrate. The movement's participants were most active in the United States and in the Soviet Union. Those who were denied permission to emigrate were often referred to by the term Refusenik.
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A refusenik is someone who was denied permission to emigrate by the Soviet Union. It can also mean someone who refuses to comply with a rule etc. Refusenik or refusnik may also refer to: An Israeli conscientious objector; see Refusal to serve in the Israel Defense Forces; Refusenik, 2007 documentary by Laura Bialis
Begun is a subject of a documentary film "Refusenik", directed by Laura Bialis. [19] Begun is a subject of the film "Through Struggle You Will Gain Your Rights”. [20] [21] Begun is the subject of a long Russian-language poem, "Runner Begoon" (1987), by the author and former refusenik David Shrayer-Petrov.
Sharansky was born into a Jewish family on () 20 January 1948 in the city of Stalino, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (now Donetsk, Ukraine) in the Soviet Union.. His father, Boris Shcharansky, a journalist from a Zionist background who worked for an industrial journal, [2] died in 1980, before Natan was freed.
Starting from 1972 Fain gradually started to participate in a Zionist movement. He took part in refusenik scientific seminar, and also in Samizdat. [5] He applied for exit visa to Israel in 1974 and became a refusenik. He also became unemployed after dismissal from his work on political grounds.
Some distinguish between refusal to serve in the military because of a pacifist worldview that rejects any manifestation of violence and encompasses a refusal to submit to compulsory military service in any form, and partial refusal to serve, such as the Courage to Refuse group who "do their reserve duty wherever and whenever they are summoned, but refuse to serve in the occupied territories."