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Ma Yuan was given the title Fubo Jiangjun (伏波將軍; General who Calms the Waves). [7] He would later go down in Chinese history as a great official who brought Han civilization to the barbarians. [25] Ma Yuan and his staff began mobilizing a Han army in southern China. [7] It consisted 20,000 regulars and 12,000 regional auxiliaries.
Four major military campaigns were launched by the Mongol Empire, and later the Yuan dynasty, against the kingdom of Đại Việt (modern-day northern Vietnam) ruled by the Trần dynasty and the kingdom of Champa (modern-day central Vietnam) in 1258, 1282–1284, 1285, and 1287–88.
Trưng Trắc was the first female monarch in Vietnam, as well as the first queen in the history of Vietnam (Lý Chiêu Hoàng was the last woman to take the reign and is the only empress regnant), and she was accorded the title Queen Trưng (chữ Quốc ngữ: Trưng Nữ vương, chữ Hán: 徵女王) in the Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư.
During the 1st century A.D., the Chinese general Ma Yuan (Mã Viện), after pacifying northern Vietnam, advanced south and established the southern border of the Hán empire by setting up columns of bronze, possibly at Hải Vân. [3] Ma Yuan also left behind some Chinese military families to hold the frontier.
First Đại Việt–Yuan War (1285) or Second Đại Việt–Mongol War: Yuan's advance (January – May) Đại Việt under Trần dynasty Champa: Yuan dynasty: Defeat. Trần leadership implemented a scorched earth policy on Thăng Long capital and retreated; Yuan troops occupied Thăng Long but failed to turn it into a strategic gain
In 1288, Commander-in-Chief Prince Trần Quốc Tuấn, inspired by Ngô Quyền, employed the same tactic against the Yuan Dynasty during the Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288). This engagement was a decisive Đại Việt victory and was one of the last major engagements in the Mongol invasions of Vietnam. Both battles are widely considered to ...
After suppressing the Trưng sisters in 44 AD, Ma Yuan continued his crackdown on the Lac Viet resistance and their society. Lac lords who had joined the Trung sisters, who had submitted or surrendered to Ma Yuan would be spared, those who disobeyed were beheaded. [1] Direct imperial government now was imposed on the region for the first time. [2]
Vietnam under Chinese rule or Bắc thuộc (北屬, lit. "belonging to the north") [1] [2] (111 BC–939, 1407–1428) refers to four historical periods when several portions of modern-day Northern Vietnam was under the rule of various Chinese dynasties.