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  2. Iterative proportional fitting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iterative_proportional_fitting

    The iterative proportional fitting procedure (IPF or IPFP, also known as biproportional fitting or biproportion in statistics or economics (input-output analysis, etc.), RAS algorithm [1] in economics, raking in survey statistics, and matrix scaling in computer science) is the operation of finding the fitted matrix which is the closest to an initial matrix but with the row and column totals of ...

  3. pandas (software) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandas_(software)

    Pandas (styled as pandas) is a software library written for the Python programming language for data manipulation and analysis. In particular, it offers data structures and operations for manipulating numerical tables and time series. It is free software released under the three-clause BSD license. [2]

  4. Exploratory data analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory_data_analysis

    In particular, he held that confusing the two types of analyses and employing them on the same set of data can lead to systematic bias owing to the issues inherent in testing hypotheses suggested by the data. The objectives of EDA are to: Enable unexpected discoveries in the data; Suggest hypotheses about the causes of observed phenomena

  5. Data orientation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_orientation

    Tabular data is two dimensional in nature - data is represented in rows and columns. However, modern operating systems logically represent data in a linear memory model , both in-disk and in-memory. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Therefore, a table in a linear memory model requires projecting its two-dimensional items in a one-dimensional space.

  6. Row- and column-major order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Row-_and_column-major_order

    More generally, there are d! possible orders for a given array, one for each permutation of dimensions (with row-major and column-order just 2 special cases), although the lists of stride values are not necessarily permutations of each other, e.g., in the 2-by-3 example above, the strides are (3,1) for row-major and (1,2) for column-major.

  7. List of statistical software - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_statistical_software

    Apache 2 licensed [1] Fityk – nonlinear regression software (GUI and command line) GNU Octave – programming language very similar to MATLAB with statistical features; gretl – gnu regression, econometrics and time-series library; intrinsic Noise Analyzer (iNA) – For analyzing intrinsic fluctuations in biochemical systems

  8. Comma-separated values - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values

    Comma-separated values (CSV) is a text file format that uses commas to separate values, and newlines to separate records. A CSV file stores tabular data (numbers and text) in plain text, where each line of the file typically represents one data record.

  9. Five-number summary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five-number_summary

    Splitting the observations either side of the median gives two groups of four observations. The median of the first group is the lower or first quartile, and is equal to (0 + 1)/2 = 0.5. The median of the second group is the upper or third quartile, and is equal to (27 + 61)/2 = 44. The smallest and largest observations are 0 and 63.