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  2. Kovats retention index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kovats_retention_index

    In gas chromatography, the Kovats retention index (shorter Kovats index, retention index; plural retention indices) is used to convert retention times into system-independent constants. The index is named after the Hungarian-born Swiss chemist Ervin Kováts , who outlined the concept in the 1950s while performing research into the composition ...

  3. Retention distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retention_distance

    Retention distance, or R D, is a concept in thin layer chromatography, designed for quantitative measurement of equal-spreading of the spots on the chromatographic ...

  4. Residence time - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residence_time

    The residence time of a fluid parcel is the total time that the parcel has spent inside a control volume (e.g.: a chemical reactor, a lake, a human body).The residence time of a set of parcels is quantified in terms of the frequency distribution of the residence time in the set, which is known as residence time distribution (RTD), or in terms of its average, known as mean residence time.

  5. Column chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column_chromatography

    The linear isotherm occurs when the solute concentration needed to be purified is very small relative to the binding molecule. Thus, the equilibrium can be defined as: [CS] = K eq [C]. For industrial scale uses, the total binding molecules on the column resin beads must be factored in because unoccupied sites must be taken into account.

  6. Lake retention time - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_retention_time

    The lake retention time for a body of water with the volume 2,000 m 3 (71,000 cu ft) and the exit flow of 100 m 3 /h (3,500 cu ft/h) is 20 hours.. Lake retention time (also called the residence time of lake water, or the water age or flushing time) is a calculated quantity expressing the mean time that water (or some dissolved substance) spends in a particular lake.

  7. Partition coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_coefficient

    Likewise, it is used to calculate lipophilic efficiency in evaluating the quality of research compounds, where the efficiency for a compound is defined as its potency, via measured values of pIC 50 or pEC 50, minus its value of log P. [27] Drug permeability in brain capillaries (y axis) as a function of partition coefficient (x axis) [28]

  8. Volume of distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_of_distribution

    Volume of distribution may be increased by kidney failure (due to fluid retention) and liver failure (due to altered body fluid and plasma protein binding). Conversely it may be decreased in dehydration. The initial volume of distribution describes blood concentrations prior to attaining the apparent volume of distribution and uses the same ...

  9. Response factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Response_factor

    The response factor can be expressed on a molar, volume or mass [1] basis. Where the true amount of sample and standard are equal: = where A is the signal (e.g. peak area) and the subscript i indicates the sample and the subscript st indicates the standard. [2]