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  2. John L. Leal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_L._Leal

    John Laing Leal (May 5, 1858 – March 13, 1914) was an American physician and water treatment expert who, in 1908, was responsible for conceiving and implementing the first disinfection of a U.S. drinking water supply using chlorine.

  3. Slingshot (water vapor distillation system) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slingshot_(water_vapor...

    Slingshot is a water purification device created by inventor Dean Kamen. [1] Powered by a Stirling engine running on a combustible fuel source, it claims to be able to produce drinking water from almost any source [2] by means of vapor compression distillation, [3] requires no filters, and can operate using cow dung as fuel.

  4. Portable water purification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_water_purification

    They are also called point-of-use water treatment systems and field water disinfection techniques. Techniques include heat (including boiling), filtration, activated charcoal adsorption, chemical disinfection (e.g. chlorination , iodine, ozonation , etc.), ultraviolet purification (including sodis ), distillation (including solar distillation ...

  5. Ozonia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozonia

    It is a well-known fact that ozone, a very strong oxidant, is used in water treatment disinfection.. It shows an extensive range of applications; drinking water, wastewater, water disinfection, color removal, micropollutants, pulp & paper bleaching, process water, ballast water, cooling towers, beverage and water bottling, aquaculture, aquariums (zoos), cyanide regeneration, food/ produce ...

  6. Water purification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_purification

    Complete removal of ions from water is possible if the right conditions are met. The water is normally pre-treated with a reverse osmosis unit to remove non-ionic organic contaminants, and with gas transfer membranes to remove carbon dioxide. A water recovery of 99% is possible if the concentrate stream is fed to the RO inlet.

  7. Water chlorination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_chlorination

    The chlorination of the water supply helped stop the epidemic and as a precaution, the chlorination was continued until 1911 when a new water supply was commissioned. [7] Manual Control Chlorinator for the liquefaction of chlorine for water purification, early 20th century. From Chlorination of Water by Joseph Race, 1918.

  8. Salt water chlorination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_water_chlorination

    Salt water chlorination is a process that uses dissolved salt (1000–4000 ppm or 1–4 g/L) for the chlorination of swimming pools and hot tubs.The chlorine generator (also known as salt cell, salt generator, salt chlorinator, or SWG) uses electrolysis in the presence of dissolved salt to produce chlorine gas or its dissolved forms, hypochlorous acid and sodium hypochlorite, which are already ...

  9. Haloacetic acids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haloacetic_acids

    Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are a common undesirable by-product of water treatment by chlorination.Exposure to such disinfection by-products in drinking water, at high levels over many years, has been associated with a number of health outcomes by epidemiological studies.