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It was the first legal instrument to codify genocide as a crime, and the first human rights treaty unanimously adopted by the United Nations General Assembly, on 9 December 1948, during the third session of the United Nations General Assembly. [1] The Convention entered into force on 12 January 1951 and has 153 state parties as of June 2024. [2]
The 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (also known as the "Genocide Convention") is the principal guiding international legal document for genocide prevention efforts, along with Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter. [13]
The responsibility to protect (R2P or RtoP) is a global political commitment which was endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly at the 2005 World Summit in order to address its four key concerns to prevent genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity.
United States federal law recognizes the crime of genocide where it was committed within the U.S. or by a national of the U.S. [68] A person found guilty of genocide can face the death penalty or life imprisonment. Persons found guilty of genocide may be denied entry or deported from the U.S. [69] Vietnam: Article 422 of the Criminal Code. [70]
The resolution on genocide invited the United Nations Economic and Social Council to draw up an international treaty that would oblige states to prevent and punish acts of genocide. Two years later, the General Assembly adopted the 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide , which provided a legal definition of ...
The U.N. Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide defines genocide as “any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national ...
All member states are permitted to present a case about genocide to the ICJ under the UN Genocide Convention, and this would not be the first time a third-party brings forward a case to the ICJ ...
The assessment of risk factors for genocide is an upstream mechanism for genocide prevention. The goal is to apply an assessment of risk factors to improve the predictive capability of the international community before the killing begins, and prevent it.