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The Treaty of London of 1839, [1] was signed on 19 April 1839 between the major European powers, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and the Kingdom of Belgium.It was a direct follow-up to the 1831 Treaty of the XVIII Articles, which the Netherlands had refused to sign, and the result of negotiations at the London Conference of 1838–1839 which sought to maintain the Concert of Europe.
Date of independence or first stage Notes Day & month Year Afghanistan: 19 August: 1919: Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 [2] Antigua and Barbuda: Antigua, Leeward Islands [a] 1 November: 1981: Antigua Termination of Association Order [3] The Bahamas: 10 July: 1973: Bahamas Independence Act 1973 [4] Bahrain: British Protectorate of Bahrain 15 August ...
Belgium created huge debts during times when rates were low and generated new debts to service the initial debt. Its debts amounted to about 130% of the GDP in 1992 and were increased to about 108,2% in 2001. [152] This drastic economic policy resulted in deep budget spending cuts, such as cuts to scientific research. [citation needed]
Belgium made part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. [147] 1815: 16 June: Battle of Ligny: Napoleon Bonaparte's last victory. 18 June: Battle of Waterloo: final defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte. 1820: Publication of J. B. Romberg's A New Picture of Brussels and its Environs [148] 1822: Société Générale founded 1823
Before the French Revolutionary Wars (1792–1802), the Low Countries was a patchwork of different polities created by the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648). The Dutch Republic in the north was independent; the Southern Netherlands was split between the Austrian Netherlands and the Prince-Bishopric of Liège [2] - the former being part of Habsburg monarchy, while both were part of the Holy Roman ...
The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Limburg in 1839 1, 2 and 3 United Kingdom of the Netherlands (until 1830) 1 and 2 Kingdom of the Netherlands (after 1839) 2 Duchy of Limburg (1839–1867) (in the German Confederacy after 1839 as compensation for Waals-Luxemburg) 3 and 4 Kingdom of Belgium (after 1839) 4 and 5 Grand Duchy of Luxembourg ...
1962 — The Federation of South Arabia is created. 1963 — The Protectorate of South Arabia is created. 1963 — Pakistan cedes claimed areas of Kashmir to the People's Republic of China. 1963 September 16 — Singapore, British North Borneo (renamed Sabah), Sarawak and Malaya join to form Malaysia; 1965 August 9 — Singapore withdraws from ...
After the defeat of Napoleon in 1813–1815, an expanded "United Kingdom of the Netherlands" was created with the House of Orange as monarchs, also ruling Belgium and Luxembourg. After the King imposed unpopular Protestant reforms on Belgium, it left the kingdom in 1830 and new borders were agreed in 1839.