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The only historical mention of the actual Roland is in the Vita Karoli Magni by Charlemagne's courtier and biographer Einhard.Einhard refers to him as Hruodlandus Brittannici limitis praefectus ("Roland, prefect of the borders of Brittany"), indicating that he presided over the Breton March, Francia's border territory against the Bretons. [1]
Roland is shown as protector of the city: his legendary sword (known in chivalric legend as Durendal) is unsheathed, and his shield is emblazoned with the two-headed Imperial eagle. The standing figure is 5.47 m tall, and stands on a 60 cm rostrum. A supporting column, crowned by a baldachin, brings the combined height to 10.21 m.
Roland Ratzenberger (1960–1994), race car driver, Formula One driver; Jochen Rindt (1942–1970), race car driver, 1970 Formula One World Champion (posthumous) Marcel Sabitzer (born 1994), footballer; Toni Sailer (1935–2009), Alpine skier, earned the Triple Crown of Alpine Skiing (by winning all three gold medals) at 1956 Olympic Games
Roland holds Durendal while blowing his olifant to summon help at the Battle of Roncevaux, as described in the Chanson de Roland; painting by Wolf von Bibra (1862–1922). Durendal, also spelled Durandal, is the sword of Roland, a legendary paladin and partially historical officer of Charlemagne in French epic literature. The sword is famous ...
The Song of Roland (French: La Chanson de Roland) is an 11th-century chanson de geste based on the deeds of the Frankish military leader Roland at the Battle of Roncevaux Pass in AD 778, during the reign of the Emperor Charlemagne. It is the oldest surviving major work of French literature.
The Bremen Roland, erected in 1404, forms part of a World Heritage Site A Roland statue is a statue of a knight with a drawn sword, signifying the town privileges of a medieval city. Such statues exist in a number of cities notably in northern and eastern Germany , where they are often placed on the market square or in front of the city hall.
A species of extinct rail was named in honor of Astolfo: Gallirallus astolfoi, or Astolfo's rail. [10]An interpretation of Astolfo appears in the Japanese light novel, manga, and anime television series Fate/Apocrypha, and was later also featured in the video game Fate/Grand Order.
Oliver (right) depicted on the monument of Charlemagne et ses Leudes in Paris. Oliver (in Italian: Uliviero or Oliviero), sometimes referred to as Olivier de Vienne or de Gennes, is a legendary knight in the Matter of France chansons de geste, especially the French epic The Song of Roland.