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Per ardua ad astra is a Latin phrase meaning "through adversity to the stars" [1] or "through struggle to the stars" [2] that is the official motto of the Royal Air Force and other Commonwealth air forces such as the Royal Australian Air Force and Royal New Zealand Air Force, as well as the Royal Indian Air Force until 1947.
The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the air and space force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. [7] It was formed towards the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918, on the merger of the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS). [8]
The Royal Air Force (RAF) developed a distinctive slang which has been documented in works such as Piece of Cake and the Dictionary of RAF slang. [ 1 ] The following is a comprehensive selection of slang terms and common abbreviations used by Royal Air Force from before World War II until the present day; less common abbreviations are not included.
Royal Air Force (United Kingdom): Per Ardua Ad Astra (Through adversity to the stars) Royal Marines (United Kingdom): Per Mare, Per Terram (By sea, by land) Household Division (United Kingdom): Septem Juncta in Uno (Seven joined in one) United States Air Force Academy: Integrity First, Service before self, Excellence in All we Do
Bangladesh Armed Forces: Cira unnata mama śira (Bengali for "Ever High is My Head") . Bengali Army: Samarē āmarā śāntitē āmarā sarbatra āmarā dēśēra tarē (Bengali for "In War, In Peace We are Everywhere for our Country")
Royal Air Force Edzell or more simply RAF Edzell is a former Royal Air Force satellite station located in Aberdeenshire, one mile east of Edzell in Angus, Scotland.. It was active for over fifty years, first as a RAF airfield during the Second World War, and later on lease to the United States Navy, from 1960 until its decommissioning in 1996, and final closure in 1997.
The badge is composed of the St Edward's Crown mounted on a circle featuring the words Royal Australian Air Force, beneath which scroll work displays the Latin motto Per Ardua Ad Astra, which it shares with the Royal Air Force. Surmounting the badge is a wedge-tailed eagle.
The badge is depicted on the iron gates at the ceremonial entrance to the Royal Air Force College Cranwell, at the entrance to the Air Forces Memorial in Surrey, and on the Polish War Memorial in London. It was also featured on the reverse of a special series of £2 coins minted in 2018 to mark the centenary of the Royal Air Force.