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Triple bonds are stronger than the equivalent single bonds or double bonds, with a bond order of three. The most common triple bond is in a nitrogen N 2 molecule; the second most common is that between two carbon atoms, which can be found in alkynes. Other functional groups containing a triple bond are cyanides and isocyanides. Some diatomic ...
Carbon–carbon bond-forming reactions are organic reactions in which a new carbon–carbon bond is formed. They are important in the production of many human-made chemicals such as pharmaceuticals and plastics. The reverse reaction, where a carbon-carbon bond is broken, is known as carbon-carbon bond activation.
A 3D model of ethyne (), the simplest alkyneIn organic chemistry, an alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon—carbon triple bond. [1] The simplest acyclic alkynes with only one triple bond and no other functional groups form a homologous series with the general chemical formula C n H 2n−2.
This triple bond consists of a σ-bond and two π-bonds. [2] The HOMO of the carbyne ligand interacts with the LUMO of the metal to create the σ-bond. The two π-bonds are formed when the two HOMO orbitals of the metal back-donate to the LUMO of the carbyne. They are also called metal alkylidynes—the carbon is a carbyne ligand.
Since the compounds are composed only of carbon atoms, they are allotropes of carbon. Possible bonding patterns include all double bonds (a cyclic cumulene) or alternating single bonds and triple bonds (a cyclic polyyne). [1] [2] [3] The first cyclocarbon synthesized is cyclo[18]carbon (C 18). [4]
Unsaturated hydrocarbons, which have one or more double or triple bonds between carbon atoms. Those with one or more double bonds are called alkenes. Those with one double bond have the formula C n H 2n (assuming non-cyclic structures). [1]: 628 Those containing triple bonds are called alkyne. Those with one triple bond have the formula C n H ...
Graphyne-n varieties, where n indicates the number of carbon–carbon triple bonds in a link between two adjacent hexagons. Graphyne is graphyne-1; graphdiyne is graphyne-2. Graphyne is an allotrope of carbon. Although it has been studied in theoretical models, it is very difficult to synthesize and only small amounts of uncertain purity have ...
In the dioxygen molecule O 2, each oxygen atom has 2 valence bonds and so is divalent (valence 2), but has oxidation state 0. In acetylene H−C≡C−H, each carbon atom has 4 valence bonds (1 single bond with hydrogen atom and a triple bond with the other carbon atom). Each carbon atom is tetravalent (valence 4), but has oxidation state −1.