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Rifampicin is the most powerful known inducer of the hepatic cytochrome P450 enzyme system, including isoenzymes CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7. [42] It increases metabolism of many drugs [ 43 ] and as a consequence, can make them less effective, or even ineffective, by decreasing their levels. [ 44 ]
Drug delivery systems have been around for many years, but there are a few recent applications of drug delivery that warrant 1. Drug delivery to the brain: Many drugs can be harmful when administered systemically; the brain is very sensitive to medications and can easily cause damage if a drug is administered directly into the bloodstream.
Of the first-line drugs, rifampicin is also the most expensive, and in the poorest countries, regimens omitting rifampicin are therefore often used. Rifampicin is the most potent sterilising drug available for the treatment of tuberculosis and all treatment regimens that omit rifampicin are significantly longer than the standard regimen.
Routes can also be classified based on where the target of action is. Action may be topical (local), enteral (system-wide effect, but delivered through the gastrointestinal tract), or parenteral (systemic action, but is delivered by routes other than the GI tract). Route of administration and dosage form are aspects of drug delivery.
The conventional drug delivery system is the absorption of the drug across a biological membrane, whereas the targeted release system releases the drug in a dosage form. The advantages to the targeted release system is the reduction in the frequency of the dosages taken by the patient, having a more uniform effect of the drug, reduction of drug ...
Systemic administration is a route of administration of medication, nutrition or other substance into the circulatory system so that the entire body is affected. [1] Administration can take place via enteral administration (absorption of the drug through the gastrointestinal tract) [ 2 ] or parenteral administration (generally injection ...
A man with a nasogastric tube allowing food and medicine to be delivered through the nose and straight to the stomach. Enteral administration may be divided into three different categories, depending on the entrance point into the GI tract: oral (by mouth), gastric (through the stomach), and rectal (from the rectum).
Indications and Usage - uses (indications) for which the drug has been FDA-approved (e.g. migraines, seizures, high blood pressure). Physicians legally can and often do prescribe medicines for purposes not listed in this section (so-called " off-label uses ").
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