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Prevalence of vitamin A deficiency, 1995-2005. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) or hypovitaminosis A is a lack of vitamin A in blood and tissues. [1] It is common in poorer countries, especially among children and women of reproductive age, but is rarely seen in more developed countries. [1]
For example, in the United States of America, one out of every six children is at risk of hunger. [ citation needed ] A study, based on 2005–2007 data from the U.S. Census Bureau and the Agriculture Department , shows that an estimated 3.5 million children under the age of five are at risk of hunger in the United States .
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The causes are vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy, followed by low transfer of vitamin A during lactation and infant/child diets low in vitamin A or β-carotene. [ 22 ] [ 19 ] The prevalence of pre-school age children who are blind due to vitamin A deficiency is lower than expected from incidence of new cases only because childhood vitamin A ...
Clinical vitamin A deficiency is particularly common among pregnant women, with prevalence rates as high as 9.8% in South-East Asia. [ 121 ] Estimates say that 28.5% of the global population is iodine deficient, representing 1.88 billion individuals. [ 125 ]
AIDS was the leading cause of death for American men between the ages of 25 to 44 in 1992, and two years later it became the leading cause of death for all Americans in that age bracket.
Malnutrition occurs when an organism gets too few or too many nutrients, resulting in health problems. [11] [12] Specifically, it is a deficiency, excess, or imbalance of energy, protein and other nutrients which adversely affects the body's tissues and form.
Even among adults without conditions that may be associated with iron deficiency – anemia, heart failure, chronic kidney disease or pregnancy – the estimated prevalence of absolute iron ...