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Chromatic button accordion; Classification: Free-reed aerophone: Playing range; Right-hand manual: The Russian bayan and chromatic button accordions have a much greater right-hand range in scientific pitch notation than an accordion with a piano keyboard: five octaves plus a minor third (written range = E2-G7, actual range = E1-D9, some have a 32 ft Register on the Treble to go even lower down ...
Bayan; Classification: Free-reed aerophone: Hornbostel–Sachs classification: 412.132: Playing range; Right-hand manual: The Russian bayan and chromatic button accordions have a much greater right-hand range in scientific pitch notation than accordions with a piano keyboard: five octaves, plus a minor third (written range = E2-G7, actual range = E1-C#8).
The first diatonic button accordion was patented under the name 'Accordion' in 1829 by Cyril Demian. [2] [1] The same year, Charles Wheatstone made the first concertina. [2] The first chromatic button accordion was made by Franz Walther in 1850. [3] The name 'Accordion' is thought to originate from Akkord, the German word for
96-button Stradella bass layout on an accordion. C is in the middle of the root note row. The Stradella Bass System (sometimes called [1] standard bass) is a buttonboard layout equipped on the bass side of many accordions, which uses columns of buttons arranged in a circle of fifths; this places the principal major chords of a key (I, IV and V) in three adjacent columns.
A piano-like layout exists that mirrors the right-hand keyboard of a piano accordion, with round buttons laid out like piano keys. This system is popular in Asian piano accordions, especially in Azeri garmon. A hybrid Chromatic/Stradella system known as the Moschino free-bass system is available.
There is also a chromatic version of the Steirische, with the same treble system as the regular chromatic accordion. This is referred to as a "Semi-chromatic" (polkromatična harmonika), a "Half-chromatic", or a "12-bass chromatic". The treble side therefore sounds the same note in either bellows direction.
The accordion was brought to Brazil by settlers and immigrants from Europe, especially from Italy and Germany, who mainly settled in the south (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná). The first instrument brought was a "Concertina" (a 120 button chromatic accordion). [68]
Khromka (Russian: хро́мка, khromka) is a type of Russian garmon (unisonoric diatonic button accordion). It is the most widespread variant in Russia and in the former USSR . Nearly all Russian garmons made since the mid of the 20th century are khromkas.