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  2. History of perpetual motion machines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_perpetual...

    Leonardo da Vinci made a number of drawings of devices he hoped would make free energy. Leonardo da Vinci was generally against such devices, but drew and examined numerous overbalanced wheels. [3] [4] Mark Anthony Zimara, a 16th-century Italian scholar, proposed a self-blowing windmill. [5] Various scholars in this period investigated the topic.

  3. Flywheel energy storage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flywheel_energy_storage

    A typical system consists of a flywheel supported by rolling-element bearing connected to a motor–generator. The flywheel and sometimes motor–generator may be enclosed in a vacuum chamber to reduce friction and energy loss. First-generation flywheel energy-storage systems use a large steel flywheel rotating on mechanical bearings.

  4. Pelton wheel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelton_wheel

    The Pelton wheel or Pelton Turbine is an impulse -type water turbine invented by American inventor Lester Allan Pelton in the 1870s. [1][2] The Pelton wheel extracts energy from the impulse of moving water, as opposed to water's dead weight like the traditional overshot water wheel. Many earlier variations of impulse turbines existed, but they ...

  5. Freewheel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freewheel

    Ratcheting freewheel mechanism (van Anden, 1869) In mechanical or automotive engineering, a freewheel or overrunning clutch is a device in a transmission that disengages the driveshaft from the driven shaft when the driven shaft rotates faster than the driveshaft. An overdrive is sometimes mistakenly called a freewheel, but is otherwise unrelated.

  6. Free-piston engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-piston_engine

    Free-piston engine used as a gas generator to drive a turbine. A free-piston engine is a linear, 'crankless' internal combustion engine, in which the piston motion is not controlled by a crankshaft but determined by the interaction of forces from the combustion chamber gases, a rebound device (e.g., a piston in a closed cylinder) and a load device (e.g. a gas compressor or a linear alternator).

  7. Water turbine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_turbine

    A water turbine is a rotary machine that converts kinetic energy and potential energy of water into mechanical work. Water turbines were developed in the 19th century and were widely used for industrial power prior to electrical grids. Now, they are mostly used for electric power generation.

  8. Wagon-wheel effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagon-wheel_effect

    The wagon-wheel effect (alternatively called stagecoach-wheel effect) is an optical illusion in which a spoked wheel appears to rotate differently from its true rotation. The wheel can appear to rotate more slowly than the true rotation, it can appear stationary, or it can appear to rotate in the opposite direction from the true rotation ...

  9. Flywheel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flywheel

    A flywheel is a mechanical device that uses the conservation of angular momentum to store rotational energy, a form of kinetic energy proportional to the product of its moment of inertia and the square of its rotational speed. In particular, assuming the flywheel's moment of inertia is constant (i.e., a flywheel with fixed mass and second ...