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  2. Dissociation constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociation_constant

    The concentration of water, [H 2 O], is omitted by convention, which means that the value of K w differs from the value of K eq that would be computed using that concentration. The value of K w varies with temperature, as shown in the table below. This variation must be taken into account when making precise measurements of quantities such as pH.

  3. Determination of equilibrium constants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determination_of...

    At 298 K, 1 pH unit is approximately equal to 59 mV. [2] When the electrode is calibrated with solutions of known concentration, by means of a strong acid–strong base titration, for example, a modified Nernst equation is assumed. = + ⁡ [] where s is an empirical

  4. Henderson–Hasselbalch equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henderson–Hasselbalch...

    The Henderson–Hasselbalch equation relates the pH of a solution containing a mixture of the two components to the acid dissociation constant, K a of the acid, and the concentrations of the species in solution. [6] Simulated titration of an acidified solution of a weak acid (pK a = 4.7) with alkali

  5. K-factor (fire protection) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-factor_(fire_protection)

    In fire protection engineering, the K-factor formula is used to calculate the volumetric flow rate from a nozzle. Spray nozzles can for example be fire sprinklers or water mist nozzles, hose reel nozzles, water monitors and deluge fire system nozzles.

  6. Acid dissociation constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_dissociation_constant

    At half-neutralization the ratio ⁠ [A −] / [HA] ⁠ = 1; since log(1) = 0, the pH at half-neutralization is numerically equal to pK a. Conversely, when pH = pK a, the concentration of HA is equal to the concentration of A −. The buffer region extends over the approximate range pK a ± 2. Buffering is weak outside the range pK a ± 1.

  7. Equilibrium constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equilibrium_constant

    Indeed, for ideal-gas reactions K p is independent of pressure. [17] Pressure dependence of the water ionization constant at 25 °C. In general, ionization in aqueous solutions tends to increase with increasing pressure. In a condensed phase, the pressure dependence of the equilibrium constant is associated with the reaction volume. [18] For ...

  8. Partition coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_coefficient

    The values for the octanol-water system in the following table are from the Dortmund Data Bank. [ 15 ] [ better source needed ] They are sorted by the partition coefficient, smallest to largest (acetamide being hydrophilic, and 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl lipophilic), and are presented with the temperature at which they were measured (which ...

  9. K factor (crude oil refining) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K_factor_(crude_oil_refining)

    The K factor or characterization factor is defined from Rankine boiling temperature °R=1.8Tb[k] and relative to water density ρ at 60°F: . K(UOP) = / The K factor is a systematic way of classifying a crude oil according to its paraffinic, naphthenic, intermediate or aromatic nature. 12.5 or higher indicate a crude oil of predominantly paraffinic constituents, while 10 or lower indicate a ...

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