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A fertilizer (American English) or fertiliser (British English) is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients. Fertilizers may be distinct from liming materials or other non-nutrient soil amendments. Many sources of fertilizer exist, both natural and industrially produced. [1]
[citation needed] Seaweed-fertilizer also helps in breaking down clays. [ citation needed ] Fucus is used by Irish people as a biofertilizer on a large scale. [ citation needed ] In tropical countries, the bottom mud from dried-up ponds which contain abundant blue-green algae is regularly used as biofertilizer in fields.
Organic fertilizer nutrient content, solubility, and nutrient release rates are typically much lower than mineral (inorganic) fertilizers. [ 38 ] [ 39 ] A University of North Carolina study found that potential mineralizable nitrogen (PMN) in the soil was 182–285% higher in organic mulched systems than in the synthetics control.
Agrominerals (also known as stone bread or petrol fertilizer) are minerals of importance to agriculture and horticulture industries for they can provide essential plant nutrients. [1] Some agrominerals occur naturally or can be processed to be used as alternative fertilizers or soil amendments . [ 1 ]
Nutrients in the soil are taken up by the plant through its roots, and in particular its root hairs.To be taken up by a plant, a nutrient element must be located near the root surface; however, the supply of nutrients in contact with the root is rapidly depleted within a distance of ca. 2 mm. [14] There are three basic mechanisms whereby nutrient ions dissolved in the soil solution are brought ...
The most recently mentioned study provides implications for crop benefits when the application of seaweed fertilizer to soils favors the growth of PGPR. Wang et al. found that apple seedlings treated with seaweed fertilizer differed markedly in fungal diversity and species richness, when compared to no-treatment control groups. [73]
The history of fertilizer has largely shaped political, economic, and social circumstances in their traditional uses. Subsequently, there has been a radical reshaping of environmental conditions following the development of chemically synthesized fertilizers .
Manure is organic matter that is used as organic fertilizer in agriculture. Most manure consists of animal feces ; other sources include compost and green manure . Manures contribute to the fertility of soil by adding organic matter and nutrients , such as nitrogen , that are utilised by bacteria , fungi , and other organisms in the soil .