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The electroscope was the first electrical measuring instrument. The first electroscope was a pivoted needle (called the versorium ), invented by British physician William Gilbert around 1600. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The pith-ball electroscope and the gold-leaf electroscope are two classical types of electroscope [ 2 ] that are still used in physics ...
The original can be viewed here: Gold leaf electroscope diagram.jpg: . Modifications made by Krzysztof Zajączkowski (malyszkz) . I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
English: Diagram showing how a pith-ball electroscope works. The molecules (yellow ovals) that make up the pith ball (A) consist of positive charges (atomic nuclei) and negative charges (electrons) close together.
A gold-leaf electroscope (E), a sensitive detector of electric charge, is attached by a wire to the outside of the pail. When the charged ball is lowered into the pail without touching it, the electroscope registers a charge, indicating that the ball induces charge in the metal container by electrostatic induction. An opposite charge is induced ...
At the time it was invented, the differences between magnetic and electrical forces were poorly understood and Gilbert did a series of experiments to prove they were two separate types of forces with the versorium and another device called a Terrella (or "little Earth"). In fact, Gilbert was the first to draw a clear distinction between ...
Gold-leaf electroscope, showing induction (labelled polarity of charges), before the terminal is grounded. Using an electroscope to show electrostatic induction. The device has leaves/needle that become charged when introducing a charged rod to it. The leaves bend the leave/needle, and the stronger the static introduced, the more bending occurs.
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The gold-leaf electroscope was one of the instruments used to indicate electric charge. [1] It is still used for science demonstrations but has been superseded in most applications by electronic measuring instruments. The instrument consists of two thin leaves of gold foil suspended from an electrode.