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Copper toxicity (or Copperiedus) is a type of metal poisoning caused by an excess of copper in the body. Copperiedus could occur from consuming excess copper salts, but most commonly it is the result of the genetic condition Wilson's disease and Menke's disease, which are associated with mismanaged transport and storage of copper ions.
Copper occurs in its native form in Chile, China, Mexico, Russia and the USA. Various natural ores of copper are: copper pyrites (CuFeS 2), cuprite or ruby copper (Cu 2 O), copper glance (Cu 2 S), malachite (Cu(OH) 2 CuCO 3), and azurite (Cu(OH) 2 2CuCO 3). Copper pyrite is the principal ore, and yields nearly 76% of the world production of copper.
Normal absorption and distribution of copper. Cu = copper, CP = ceruloplasmin, green = ATP7B carrying copper. Copper is an essential trace element that is vital to the health of all living things (plants, animals and microorganisms). In humans, copper is essential to the proper functioning of organs and metabolic processes.
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Yttrium barium copper oxide (YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7) consists of both Cu(II) and Cu(III) centres. Like oxide, fluoride is a highly basic anion [ 81 ] and is known to stabilize metal ions in high oxidation states.
Copper deficiency, or hypocupremia, is defined as insufficient copper to meet the body's needs, or as a serum copper level below the normal range. [1] Symptoms may include fatigue , decreased red blood cells , early greying of the hair, and neurological problems presenting as numbness , tingling, muscle weakness, and ataxia . [ 2 ]
Copper fungicides work by slowly releasing positively charged copper ions Cu + and Cu 2+ in concentrations that interact with nucleic acids, interfere with energy transport, disrupt enzyme activity, and affect the integrity of cell membranes of pathogens. [5] [6] Both ions have fungicidal and bactericidal activity.
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from Latin: cuprum) and the atomic number of 29. It is easily recognisable, due to its distinct red-orange color.Copper also has a range of different organic and inorganic salts, having varying oxidation states ranging from (0,I) to (III).