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Oral and dental paste preparations are used for treating aphthous ulcers. As an intravitreal injection, triamcinolone acetonide has been used to treat various eye diseases and has been found useful in reducing macular edema. [17] Drug trials have found it to be as efficient as anti-VEGF drugs in eyes with artificial lenses over a two-year period.
Serious side effects may include psychosis, increased risk of infections, adrenal suppression, and bronchospasm. [6] Use in pregnancy is generally safe. [7] It works by decreasing inflammation and immune system activity. [6] Triamcinolone was patented in 1956 and came into medical use in 1958. [8] It is available as a generic medication. [9]
Ocular effects: Topical steroid drops are frequently used after eye surgery but can also raise intraocular pressure (IOP) and increase the risk of glaucoma, cataract, retinopathy as well as systemic adverse effects. [14] Tachyphylaxis: The acute development of tolerance to the action of a drug after repeated doses. [15]
Desonide should not be used if there is an infection or open wound in the treatment area. Systemic absorption of topical corticosteroids can produce adverse effects. Indication of Cushing's syndrome, hyperglycemia, and glycosuria have been observed in some patients receiving treatment.
Fluocinolone acetonide (0.01%)/Hydroquinone (4%)/ Tretinoin (0.05%) Cream is indicated for the short-term (up to 8 weeks) treatment of moderate to severe melasma of the face in the presence of measures for sun avoidance, including the use of sunscreens.
Amcinonide exhibits side effects common among other corticosteroids. While these reactions are uncommon for most delivery vehicles, the use of occlusive dressings increases the likelihood of such effects. [5] These include burning, itching, skin dryness and irritation, acne/ pimples, skin atrophy, blistering, and/ or skin discoloration.
Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) is a cationic quaternary ammonium compound used in some types of mouthwashes, toothpastes, lozenges, throat sprays, breath sprays, and nasal sprays. It is an antiseptic that kills bacteria and other microorganisms. It has been shown to be effective in preventing dental plaque and reducing gingivitis.
Pimecrolimus is an immunosuppressant drug of the calcineurin inhibitor class used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (eczema). It is available as a topical cream. It was developed and formerly marketed by Novartis under the trade name Elidel.