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The Dawes Act of 1887 (also known as the General Allotment Act or the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 [1] [2]) regulated land rights on tribal territories within the United States. Named after Senator Henry L. Dawes of Massachusetts , it authorized the President of the United States to subdivide Native American tribal communal landholdings into ...
The American Dawes Commission, named for its first chairman Henry L. Dawes, was authorized under a rider to an Indian Office appropriation bill, March 3, 1893. [1] Its purpose was to convince the Five Civilized Tribes to agree to cede tribal title of Indian lands, and adopt the policy of dividing tribal lands into individual allotments that was enacted for other tribes as the Dawes Act of 1887.
The Dawes Act of 1887, which allotted tribal lands in severalty to individuals, was seen as a way to create individual homesteads for Native Americans. Land allotments were made in exchange for Native Americans becoming US citizens and giving up some forms of tribal self-government and institutions.
The Act was amended in 1891, 1898 by the Curtis Act, and in 1906, by the Burke Act. The Dawes Commission , set up under an Indian Office appropriation bill in 1893, was created not to administer the Act but to attempt to persuade the tribes excluded from the Act by treaties to agree to the allotment plan.
West and Sherman also pointed to "forced assimilation," or the U.S. government's aim to make Native people adopt the customs, values and behaviors of the dominant culture. ... The Dawes Act of ...
These decisions were implemented over subsequent years through numerous "reconstruction treaties" and subsequent laws, including the Indian Appropriations Act, Homestead Act (which provided a framework for land runs), Dawes Act, Dawes Commission, Curtis Act of 1898 (which extended the allotment process to the tribes of Indian Territory and ...
With the passage of the Dawes Act in 1887, reservations were broken up and divided into allotments that would then be given to individual Native American people or families. This was an effort by the Federal Government to encourage assimilation among the Indigenous population. [1]
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