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The middle ear is the portion of the ear medial to the eardrum, and distal to the oval window of the cochlea (of the inner ear). The mammalian middle ear contains three ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes), which transfer the vibrations of the eardrum into waves in the fluid and membranes of the inner ear .
open the ear canal •Seigle's pneumatic speculum: open the ear canal and give a magnification; test the mobility of tympanic membrane; see a magnified image of small perforations; introduce medicine into middle ear; perform Fistula test for vestibular function •Aural/Ear speculum: to fit in and straighten the external ear canal: Lack's ...
The distal (front) end of the otoscope has an attachment for disposable plastic ear specula. The examiner first pulls on the pinna (usually the earlobe, side or top) to straighten the ear canal, and then inserts the ear speculum side of the otoscope into the outer ear. It is important to brace the index or little finger of the hand holding the ...
The inner ear comprises three specialized regions of the membranous labyrinth: the vestibular sacs – the utricle and saccule, and the semicircular canals, which are the vestibular organs, as well as the cochlear duct, which is involved in the special sense of hearing.
In humans, the ear is described as having three parts: the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. The outer ear consists of the auricle and the ear canal . Since the outer ear is the only visible portion of the ear, the word "ear" often refers to the external part (auricle) alone. [ 1 ]
The Atticus is the part of the tegmentum tympani where the stapes and incus are attached. The floor of the cavity (also called the jugular wall ) is narrow, and consists of a thin plate of bone (fundus tympani) which separates the tympanic cavity from the jugular fossa.
The oval window is the intersection of the middle ear with the inner ear and is directly contacted by the stapes; by the time vibrations reach the oval window, they have been reduced in amplitude and increased in pressure due to the lever action of the ossicle bones. This is not an amplification function; rather, an impedance-matching function ...
The stapes (stirrup) ossicle bone of the middle ear transmits vibrations to the fenestra ovalis (oval window) on the outside of the cochlea, which vibrates the perilymph in the vestibular duct (upper chamber of the cochlea). The ossicles are essential for efficient coupling of sound waves into the cochlea, since the cochlea environment is a ...