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The first indications of the rise of the river could be seen at the first of the cataracts of the Nile (at Aswan) as early as the beginning of June, and a steady increase went on until the middle of July, when the increase of water became very great. The Nile continued to rise until the beginning of September, when the level remained stationary ...
The main water supplier for the basin is Lake Victoria, located in the Great Rift Valley. [4] About 238 million people live within the Nile basin, 172 million of those inhabit rural localities. [5] In the southwestern part of the basin in South Sudan near the watershed with Congo Basin relief is made up a single large pediplain. [6]
Map of Nile tributaries in modern Sudan, showing the Yellow Nile The Nile represented in an ancient Roman mosaic found from the ruins of Pompeii. The Yellow Nile is a former tributary that connected the Ouaddaï highlands of eastern Chad to the Nile River Valley c. 8000 to c. 1000 BCE . [ 49 ]
A nilometer is a structure for measuring the Nile River's clarity and water level during the annual flood season in Egypt. [1] There were three main types of nilometers, calibrated in Egyptian cubits: (1) a vertical column, (2) a corridor stairway of steps leading down to the Nile, and (3) a deep well with a culvert. [1]
The impacts include increase in drought conditions, aridity, heatwaves and sea level rise. Sharp global temperature and sea level changes, shifting precipitation patterns and increased frequency of extreme weather events are some of the main impacts of climate change as identified by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). [9]
Egypt's first Nationally Determined Contributions plan estimates that sea levels could rise around the Nile Delta by over 3.5 feet by 2080-2100. [26] Many of Egypt's current sources of energy could be greatly affected by the increased flooding of the Nile River and rising sea levels.
The modern, arid Sahara. The Sahara was not a desert during the African humid period. Instead, most of northern Africa was covered by grass, trees, and lakes. The African humid period (AHP; also known by other names) was a climate period in Africa during the late Pleistocene and Holocene geologic epochs, when northern Africa was wetter than today.
The level of the Blue Nile reached more than 17 metres, breaking all records. Floods caused by torrential monsoon rains mostly outside the country in neighbouring Ethiopia raised the Nile River by 17.5 metres (57 ft) in late August, the highest level it has reached in nearly a century, according to the Sudanese Ministry of Irrigation. [ 6 ]