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In organic chemistry, an alkane, or paraffin (a historical trivial name that also has other meanings), is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon. In other words, an alkane consists of hydrogen and carbon atoms arranged in a tree structure in which all the carbon–carbon bonds are single. [1] Alkanes have the general chemical formula C n H 2n+2.
The following is a list of straight-chain alkanes, the total number of isomers of each (including branched chains), and their common names, sorted by number of carbon atoms. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Number of C atoms
Unsaturated compounds generally carry out typical addition reactions that are not possible with saturated compounds such as alkanes. A saturated organic compound has only single bonds between carbon atoms. An important class of saturated compounds are the alkanes. Many saturated compounds have functional groups, e.g., alcohols.
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Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...
In organic chemistry, an alkyl group is an alkane missing one hydrogen. [1] The term alkyl is intentionally unspecific to include many possible substitutions. An acyclic alkyl has the general formula of −C n H 2n+1. A cycloalkyl group is derived from a cycloalkane by removal of a hydrogen atom from a ring and has the general formula −C n H ...
Alkanes as substituents are called alkyl groups Subcategories. This category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 5 total. B. Butane (2 C, 11 P) E. Ethane (1 C ...
Higher alkanes are naturally present in crude oil and can be obtained via fractional distillation.Saturated fatty acids decarboxylate to higher alkanes. Long olefins can be hydrogenated to yield higher alkanes. n-alkanes can be isolated via the formation of urea clathrates.They can also be synthesized through Kolbe electrolysis or other coupling reactions like the Wurtz reaction.