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Aluminium oxynitride (marketed under the name ALON by Surmet Corporation [3]) is a transparent ceramic composed of aluminium, oxygen and nitrogen.Aluminium oxynitride is optically transparent (≥80% for 2 mm thickness) in the near-ultraviolet, visible, and mid-wave-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Plate glass has been the most common glass used due to its low cost, but greater requirements for the optical properties and ballistic performance have generated the need for new materials. Chemical or thermal treatments can increase the strength of glasses, and the controlled crystallization of certain glass systems can produce transparent ...
Cristallo is a glass that is totally clear (like rock crystal), without the slight yellow or greenish color originating from iron oxide impurities. This effect is achieved through small additions of manganese oxide. [1] Cristallo often has a low lime content, which makes it prone to glass corrosion (otherwise known as glass disease).
Murano glass makers developed the exceptionally clear colourless glass cristallo, so called for its resemblance to natural crystal, which was extensively used for windows, mirrors, ships' lanterns, and lenses. [21] In the 13th, 14th, and 15th centuries, enamelling and gilding on glass vessels were perfected in Egypt and Syria. [44]
The manufacturing process for soda–lime glass consists in melting the raw materials, which are the silica, soda (Na 2 O), hydrated lime (Ca(OH) 2), dolomite (CaMg(CO 3) 2, which provides the magnesium oxide), and aluminium oxide; along with small quantities of fining agents (e.g., sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4), sodium chloride (NaCl), etc.) in a glass furnace at temperatures locally up to 1675 ...
Fused quartz, fused silica or quartz glass is a glass consisting of almost pure silica (silicon dioxide, SiO 2) in amorphous (non-crystalline) form.
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The Macbeth-Evans Glass Company was an American glass company that created "almost every kind of glass for illuminating, industrial and scientific purposes," but is today famous for making depression glass. [1] The company was established in 1899 after a merger between the glass companies of Thomas Evans and George A. Macbeth. [1]