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A distinction is generally made between the "First French colonial empire", that existed until 1814, by which time most of it had been lost or sold, and the "Second French colonial empire", which began with the conquest of Algiers in 1830.
The French population was dissatisfied with the terms, considering the French conquests during the war. 1763: 10 February: Seven Years' War: France and some allied and enemy nations sign the Treaty of Paris ending the Seven Years' War, resulting in a major blow on French colonial possessions. 1768: 15 May
[1] [2] During the 19th and 20th centuries, the French colonial empire was the second largest colonial empire in the world only behind the British Empire; it extended over 13,500,000 km 2 (5,200,000 sq mi) [3] [4] of land at its height in the 1920s and 1930s. In terms of population however, on the eve of World War II, France and her colonial ...
The French colonial empire in the New World also included New France (Nouvelle France) in North America, particularly in what is today the province of Quebec, Canada, and for a very short period (12 years) also Antarctic France (France Antarctique, in French), in present-day Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. All of these settlements were in violation of ...
1848: Decree-law Victor Schœlcher which abolish slavery (permanently) in the French colonial empire. 1856–1860: Second Opium War. 1857: Uprising in India against British occupation, which leads to the creation of the British Raj. 1861–1867: French intervention in Mexico ordered by Napoleon III. 1870: Franco-Prussian War.
In the 16th to the 17th centuries, the First French colonial empire stretched from a total area at its peak in 1680 to over 10,000,000 square kilometres (3,900,000 sq mi), the second-largest empire in the world at the time behind the Spanish Empire. Colonial conflicts with Great Britain led to the loss of much of its North American holdings by ...
The Empire Project: The Rise and Fall of the British World-System, 1830-1970 (2009) excerpt and text search; Darwin, John. Unfinished Empire: The Global Expansion of Britain (2013) Ferguson, Niall. Empire: The Rise and Demise of the British World Order and the Lessons for Global Power (2002) Gallagher, John, and Ronald Robinson.
In the 19th century, starting with the conquest of Algiers in 1830, France began to establish a new empire in Africa and Southeast Asia. The following is a list of all countries that were part of the French colonial empires from 1534; 490 years ago () to the present, either entirely or in part, either under French sovereignty or as mandate.