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The emperor Constantine I (ruled 312–37), who established the first large-scale comitatus (imperial escort army) and divided the army into escort army (comitatenses) and border (limitanei) troops, giving the late Roman army the structure described in the Notitia Dignitatum. Bust in Musei Capitolini, Rome
Palatini – were elite units of the late army. Pedites – The infantry of the early army of the Roman kingdom. The majority of the army in this period. Peditatus – A term referring to any infantryman in the Roman Empire. Pilus Prior – Senior centurion of a cohort. Pilus Posterior – Deputy to the pilus prior.
The Roman empire in AD 125, in the time of emperor Hadrian, showing the Roman provinces and legions deployed. This article lists auxilia, non-legionary auxiliary regiments of the imperial Roman army, attested in the epigraphic record, by Roman province of deployment during the reign of emperor Hadrian (r. AD 117–138).
The Marian reforms were putative changes to the composition and operation of the Roman army during the late Roman republic usually attributed to Gaius Marius (a general who was consul in 107, 104–100, and 86 BC [12]). The most important of those putative changes concerned the altering of the socio-economic background of the soldiery.
[1] At the highest level of structure, the forces were split into the Roman army and the Roman navy, although these two branches were less distinct than in many modern national defense forces. Within the top levels of both army and navy, structural changes occurred as a result of both positive military reform and organic structural evolution.
Barbarians from outside the empire probably supplied a much larger proportion of the late army's recruits than in the army of the 1st and 2nd centuries. The emperor Constantine I, who divided the army into escort army (comitatenses) and border (limitanei) troops, giving the late Roman army the structure described in the Notitia Dignitatum.
Late Roman military units (4 C, 18 P) Roman legions (4 C, 77 P) P. Praetorian Guard (2 C, 8 P) Pages in category "Military units and formations of the Roman Empire"
Military units and formations of the Roman Empire (4 C, 16 P) Military units and formations of the Roman Republic (1 C, 14 P) Military units and formations of ancient Rome by type (3 C)