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In physics, a characteristic length is an important dimension that defines the scale of a physical system. Often, such a length is used as an input to a formula in order to predict some characteristics of the system, and it is usually required by the construction of a dimensionless quantity, in the general framework of dimensional analysis and in particular applications such as fluid mechanics.
A right rectangular prism (with a rectangular base) is also called a cuboid, or informally a rectangular box. A right rectangular prism has Schläfli symbol { }×{ }×{ }. A right square prism (with a square base) is also called a square cuboid, or informally a square box. Note: some texts may apply the term rectangular prism or square prism to ...
Area#Area formulas – Size of a two-dimensional surface; Perimeter#Formulas – Path that surrounds an area; List of second moments of area; List of surface-area-to-volume ratios – Surface area per unit volume; List of surface area formulas – Measure of a two-dimensional surface; List of trigonometric identities
In three-dimensional geometry, the girth of a geometric object, in a certain direction, is the perimeter of its parallel projection in that direction. [1] [2] For instance, the girth of a unit cube in a direction parallel to one of the three coordinate axes is four: it projects to a unit square, which has four as its perimeter.
In Euclidean plane geometry, a rectangle is a rectilinear convex polygon or a quadrilateral with four right angles. It can also be defined as: an equiangular quadrilateral, since equiangular means that all of its angles are equal (360°/4 = 90°); or a parallelogram containing a right angle. A rectangle with four sides of equal length is a square.
A separator square in a polygon P is a square s in P such that P−s is not connected. Lemma: in a simple rectilinear polygon, a maximal square that does not contain a knob is a separator. [3] A square containing a knob may or may not be a separator. The number of different separator squares may be infinite and even uncountable.
Right rhombic prism: it has two rhombic faces and four congruent rectangular faces. Note: the fully rhombic special case, with two rhombic faces and four congruent square faces ( a = b = c ) {\displaystyle (a=b=c)} , has the same name, and the same symmetry group (D 2h , order 8).
Heron's formula is also a special case of the formula for the area of a trapezoid or trapezium based only on its sides. Heron's formula is obtained by setting the smaller parallel side to zero. Expressing Heron's formula with a Cayley–Menger determinant in terms of the squares of the distances between the three given vertices,