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The history of Arizona: from the earliest times known to the people of Europe to 1903. Whitaker & Ray. Farish, Thomas Edwin (1918). History of Arizona. Filmer Brothers. vol 5 (early 20th century) online free; Hinton, Richard Josiah (1878). The Hand-book to Arizona: its resources, history, towns, mines, ruins and scenery ... Payot, Upham & Co ...
In the 18th century, many native tribes were attacking Spanish settlements in Arizona. To counter this, the Spanish Army built several presidios in northern New Spain.In 1751, the native Pima people revolted against the Spanish in the Pima Revolt, and over 100 settlers were killed and most of the remaining settlers fled in fear, leaving several missions abandoned. [3]
The indigenous peoples of Arizona remained unknown to European explorers until 1540 when Spanish explorer Pedro de Tovar (who was part of the Coronado expedition) encountered the Hopi while searching for the legendary Seven Cities of Gold. Contact with Europeans remained infrequent until three missions were established in 1629 in what is now ...
By 1846 both New Mexico and California had been annexed as U.S. territories following its victory in the Mexican–American War of 1846–1848. After 1848 numerous Mormon immigrants began settling in Utah, Nevada, and California all along the trail, affecting both trade interests and tolerance for the slavery of American Natives. [8]
On February 3, 1768 King Carlos III ordered the Jesuits forcibly expelled from the Viceroyalty of New Spain (colonial México) and returned to Spain. They were replaced by Franciscan missionaries. Alejo García Conde, intendant -governor of Arizpe , officially granted the mission land to the resident O'odham in response to an 1806 petition.
Francisco Hermenegildo Tomás Garcés O.F.M. (April 12, 1738 – July 18, 1781) was a Spanish Franciscan friar who served as a missionary and explorer in the colonial Viceroyalty of New Spain. He explored much of the southwestern region of North America, including present day Sonora and Baja California in Mexico, and the U.S. states of Arizona ...
Antonio de Espejo (c. 1540–1585) was a Spanish explorer who led an expedition, accompanied by Diego Perez de Luxan, into what is now New Mexico and Arizona in 1582–83. [1] [2] The expedition created interest in establishing a Spanish colony among the Pueblo Indians of the Rio Grande valley.
Mission San Xavier del Bac (O'odham [Sobaipuri-O'odham]: Wa:k), 16 mi south of Tucson, Arizona, founded as a missionary location in 1692. The present building, located 1 mi from the original Kino-period location, dates from 1785. The interior is richly decorated with ornaments showing a mixture of New Spain and Native American artistic motifs.