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As a constituent province of the West Indies Federation, Jamaica became independent of the United Kingdom on 6 August 1962 under the Jamaica Independence Act 1962.Under the West Indies Act 1962, the monarchy of the United Kingdom was allowed to form governments for the former colonies of the West Indies Federation.
After 146 years of Spanish rule, a large group of British sailors and soldiers landed in the Kingston Harbour on 10 May 1655, during the Anglo-Spanish War. [4] The English, who had set their sights on Jamaica after a disastrous defeat in an earlier attempt to take the island of Hispaniola, marched toward Villa de la Vega, the administrative center of the island.
Jamaica's first political parties emerged in the late 1920s, while workers association and trade unions emerged in the 1930s. The development of a new Constitution in 1944, universal male suffrage, and limited self-government eventually led to Jamaican Independence in 1962 with Alexander Bustamante serving as its first prime minister. The ...
Jamaica constitutes an independent Commonwealth realm. [3] The Constitution vests executive power in the Cabinet, led by the Prime Minister. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested both in the government and in the Parliament of Jamaica. The Prime Minister is appointed by the governor-general, the common ...
The Jamaica Independence Act 1962 (10 & 11 Eliz. 2. c. 40) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that granted independence to Jamaica with effect from 6 August 1962. As a result of the Act, Jamaica became the first English-speaking country in the West Indies to achieve full independence from the United Kingdom.
Each British colony was allowed to establish its own rules about the slave trade, and a code was established for Jamaica in 1664. [38] Freed people of colour typically held second or third class positions in society and were distrusted by elites. Free-born people of colour typically had higher status in Jamaica and limited rights. [39]
The first phase of reform, expected to run for two months, was to include the repatriation of the Jamaican constitution, the abolition of constitutional monarchy, and the establishment of a republic. The aim was to table legislation in parliament to make Jamaica a republic in May 2023.
In the lead-up to Jamaican independence in 1962, the Parliament of Jamaica established a cross-party joint select committee to prepare a new constitution. The committee received several submissions calling for Jamaica to become a republic, which it "heard politely, but rejected unceremoniously". [6]