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The Neo-Babylonian Empire under the rule of Nebuchadnezzar II occupied the Kingdom of Judah between 597–586 BCE and destroyed the First Temple in Jerusalem. [3] According to the Hebrew Bible, the last king of Judah, Zedekiah, was forced to watch his sons put to death, then his own eyes were put out and he was exiled to Babylon (2 Kings 25).
According to the Book of Ezra, the Persian Cyrus the Great ended the Babylonian exile in 538 BCE, [14] the year after he captured Babylon. [15] The exile ended with the return under Zerubbabel the Prince (so-called because he was a descendant of the royal line of David) and Joshua the Priest (a descendant of the line of the former High Priests of the Temple) and their construction of the ...
The Ketef Hinnom scrolls or Amulets, are recognized as the oldest known surviving texts from the Hebrew Bible. 597: The first deportation of the Judean Israelites to Babylon, when King Nebuchadnezzar II captured Jerusalem and exiled King Jehoiachin, along with a significant portion of the population. Babylonian Exile by James Tissot: 597–586
Judah's revolts against Babylon (601–586 BCE) were attempts by the Kingdom of Judah to escape dominance by the Neo-Babylonian Empire.Resulting in a Babylonian victory and the destruction of the Kingdom of Judah, it marked the beginning of the prolonged hiatus in Jewish self-rule in Judaea until the Maccabean Revolt of the 2nd century BCE.
The first two chapters of the Book of Joel are probably written. The date of the final two chapters of Joel is contested, but possibly were also written in the Persian period. Chapters 1–9 of the Book of Proverbs are probably written as a prologue, although the rest of the book likely already existed in some form. [4]
No detailed description of the Temple's architecture is given in the Hebrew Bible, save that it was sixty cubits in both width and height, and was constructed with stone and lumber. [18] In the Second Temple, the Holy of Holies ( Kodesh Hakodashim ) was separated by curtains rather than a wall as in the First Temple.
The Hebrew word for peace is shalom which is derived from one of the names of God. Hebrew root word for "complete" or "whole" implying that according to Judaism and the teachings of the Torah, only when there is a true state of "wholeness" meaning that everything is "complete" does true "peace" reign.
In 586 BCE, Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II captured Jerusalem, destroyed the Temple of Solomon, and deported the elite of the population to Babylon (the "Babylonian exile"). [11] In 539 BCE, Babylon fell to the Persian conqueror Cyrus , and in 538 BCE, the exiles were permitted to return to Yehud Medinata , a Judean province of the Persian ...