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Compared to synthetic polymers, which can present various disadvantages like immunogenic rejection and toxicity after degradation, many biopolymers are normally better with bodily integration as they also possess more complex structures, similar to the human body.
A polymer (/ ˈ p ɒ l ɪ m ər / [4] [5]) is a substance or material that consists of very large molecules, or macromolecules, that are constituted by many repeating subunits derived from one or more species of monomers. [6] Due to their broad spectrum of properties, [7] both synthetic and natural polymers play essential and ubiquitous roles ...
The plastic kits and covers are mostly made of synthetic polymers like polythene, and tires are manufactured from polybutadienes. [1] However, due to the environmental issues created by these synthetic polymers which are mostly non-biodegradable and often synthesized from petroleum, alternatives like bioplastics are also being considered. They ...
Polymers, strictly speaking, comprise most solid matter: minerals (i.e. most of the Earth's crust) are largely polymers, metals are 3-d polymers, organisms, living and dead, are composed largely of polymers and water. Often polymers are classified according to their origin: biopolymers; synthetic polymers; inorganic polymers
The primary role of many of these polymers was to act as a biocompatible cement in the fixation of prostheses and in the replacement of joints. Newer biologically compatible synthetic and natural biodegradable polymers have been developed; these include polyglycolide, polylactide, polyhydroxobutyrate, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and hydrogels.
Artificial polymer: human-made polymer that is not a biopolymer Synthetic biopolymers are human-made copies of biopolymers obtained by abiotic chemical routes. [ 1 ] Synthetic biopolymer of different chemical nature have been obtained, including polysaccharides , [ 2 ] glycoproteins , [ 3 ] peptides and proteins , [ 4 ] [ 5 ...
A uniform polymer (often referred to as a monodisperse polymer) is composed of molecules of the same mass. [5] Nearly all natural polymers are uniform. [6] Synthetic near-uniform polymer chains can be made by processes such as anionic polymerization, a method using an anionic catalyst to produce chains that are similar in length.
Stiff polymer geogrids, with very open apertures, in addition to three-dimensional geocells made from various polymers are also increasingly specified in unpaved and paved roadways, load platforms and railway ballast, where the improved loadbearing characteristics significantly reduce the requirements for high quality, imported aggregate fills ...