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GCE-Math is a version of C/C++ math functions written for C++ constexpr (compile-time calculation) CORE-MATH , correctly rounded for single and double precision. SIMD (vectorized) math libraries include SLEEF , Yeppp! , and Agner Fog 's VCL, plus a few closed-source ones like SVML and DirectXMath.
Modern microprocessors will allow for much faster processing if 8-bit character strings are not hashed by processing one character at a time, but by interpreting the string as an array of 32-bit or 64-bit integers and hashing/accumulating these "wide word" integer values by means of arithmetic operations (e.g. multiplication by constant and bit ...
replacing integer multiplication by a constant with a combination of shifts, adds or subtracts; replacing integer division by a constant with a multiplication, taking advantage of the limited range of machine integers. [3] This method also works if divisor is a non-integer sufficiently greater than 1, e.g. √2 or π. [4]
For character strings, the standard library uses the convention that strings are null-terminated: a string of n characters is represented as an array of n + 1 elements, the last of which is a "NUL character" with numeric value 0. The only support for strings in the programming language proper is that the compiler translates quoted string ...
To the right of this, append the value of r. Fill the least significant (rightmost) bit with a zero. Determine the two least significant (rightmost) bits of P. If they are 01, find the value of P + A. Ignore any overflow. If they are 10, find the value of P + S. Ignore any overflow. If they are 00, do nothing. Use P directly in the next step.
For one-dimensional arrays, this facility may be provided as an operation append(A,x) that increases the size of the array A by one and then sets the value of the last element to x. Other array types (such as Pascal strings) provide a concatenation operator, which can be used together with slicing to achieve that effect and more. In some ...
Folds can be regarded as consistently replacing the structural components of a data structure with functions and values. Lists, for example, are built up in many functional languages from two primitives: any list is either an empty list, commonly called nil ([]), or is constructed by prefixing an element in front of another list, creating what is called a cons node ( Cons(X1,Cons(X2,Cons ...
The register width of a processor determines the range of values that can be represented in its registers. Though the vast majority of computers can perform multiple-precision arithmetic on operands in memory, allowing numbers to be arbitrarily long and overflow to be avoided, the register width limits the sizes of numbers that can be operated on (e.g., added or subtracted) using a single ...