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The Lorentz force law provides an expression for the force upon a charged body that can be plugged into Newton's second law in order to calculate its acceleration. [ 79 ] : 85 According to the Lorentz force law, a charged body in an electric field experiences a force in the direction of that field, a force proportional to its charge q ...
In classical mechanics, for a body with constant mass, the (vector) acceleration of the body's center of mass is proportional to the net force vector (i.e. sum of all forces) acting on it (Newton's second law): = =, where F is the net force acting on the body, m is the mass of the body, and a is the center-of-mass acceleration.
The ancient Greek understanding of physics was limited to the statics of simple machines (the balance of forces), and did not include dynamics or the concept of work. During the Renaissance the dynamics of the Mechanical Powers, as the simple machines were called, began to be studied from the standpoint of how far they could lift a load, in addition to the force they could apply, leading ...
A modern statement of Newton's second law is a vector equation: =, where is the momentum of the system, and is the net force. [ 17 ] : 399 If a body is in equilibrium, there is zero net force by definition (balanced forces may be present nevertheless).
By Newton's second law, the cause of acceleration is a net force acting on the object, which is proportional to its mass m and its acceleration. The force, usually referred to as a centripetal force, has a magnitude [7] = = and is, like centripetal acceleration, directed toward the center of curvature of the object's trajectory.
There are two main descriptions of motion: dynamics and kinematics.Dynamics is general, since the momenta, forces and energy of the particles are taken into account. In this instance, sometimes the term dynamics refers to the differential equations that the system satisfies (e.g., Newton's second law or Euler–Lagrange equations), and sometimes to the solutions to those equations.
The generalized force gives the work done = ... is the acceleration of the ... All classical mechanics is contained within Newton's laws of motion.
[3] Because Newton generally referred to mass times velocity as the "motion" of a particle, the phrase "change of motion" refers to the mass times acceleration of the particle, and so this law is usually written as =, where F is understood to be the only external force acting on the particle, m is the mass of the particle, and a is its ...