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Saturn (Latin: Sāturnus [saːˈtʊrnʊs]) was a god in ancient Roman religion, and a character in Roman mythology. He was described as a god of time, generation, dissolution, abundance, wealth, agriculture, periodic renewal and liberation. Saturn's mythological reign was depicted as a Golden Age of abundance and peace.
Saturn's chthonic nature connected him to the underworld and its ruler Dīs Pater, the Roman equivalent of Greek Plouton (Pluto in Latin) who was also a god of hidden wealth. [36] In sources of the third century AD and later, Saturn is recorded as receiving dead gladiators as offerings (munera) during or near the Saturnalia. [37]
The Roman deities most widely known today are those the Romans identified with Greek counterparts, integrating Greek myths, iconography, and sometimes religious practices into Roman culture, including Latin literature, Roman art, and religious life as it was experienced throughout the Roman Empire. Many of the Romans' own gods remain obscure ...
In Roman mythology the husband of Ops was Saturn. [1] Ops is identified as Rhea in Greek mythology, whose husband was Cronus , the bountiful monarch of the golden age ; Cronus was Rhea's brother. Name
In Ancient Greek religion and mythology, Cronus, Cronos, or Kronos (/ ˈ k r oʊ n ə s / or / ˈ k r oʊ n ɒ s /, from Ancient Greek: Κρόνος, romanized: Krónos) was the leader and youngest of the first generation of Titans, the divine descendants of the primordial Gaia (Mother Earth) and Uranus (Father Sky).
To prevent this, Saturn ate his children moments after each was born, eating the gods Vesta , Ceres , Juno , Pluto , and Neptune . His wife Ops ( Rhea ) eventually hid his sixth child and third son, Jupiter ( Zeus ), on the island of Crete , deceiving Saturn by offering a stone wrapped in swaddling in his place.
Mithraic altar (3rd-century AD) showing Caelus flanked by allegories of the Seasons (Museum Carnuntinum, Lower Austria)Caelus or Coelus (/ ˈ s iː l ə s /; SEE-ləs) was a primordial god of the sky in Roman mythology and theology, iconography, and literature (compare caelum, the Latin word for "sky" or "heaven", hence English "celestial").
Dis Pater (/ ˌ d ɪ s ˈ p eɪ t ər /; Latin: [diːs patɛr]; genitive Ditis Patris), otherwise known as Rex Infernus or Pluto, is a Roman god of the underworld. Dis was originally associated with fertile agricultural land and mineral wealth, and since those minerals came from underground, he was later equated with the chthonic deities Pluto ...