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Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a subatomic particle ... Interest in preons has waned ...
This also means it is the first elementary scalar particle discovered in nature. Elementary bosons responsible for the four fundamental forces of nature are called force particles ( gauge bosons ). The strong interaction is mediated by the gluon , the weak interaction is mediated by the W and Z bosons, electromagnetism by the photon, and ...
Interest in preon models peaked in the 1980s but has slowed, as the Standard Model of particle physics continues to describe physics mostly successfully, and no direct experimental evidence for lepton and quark compositeness has been found. Preons come in four varieties: plus, anti-plus, zero, and anti-zero.
Introduction to Elementary Particles, by David Griffiths, is an introductory textbook that describes an accessible "coherent and unified theoretical structure" of particle physics, appropriate for advanced undergraduate physics students. [1] It was originally published in 1987, and the second revised and enlarged edition was published 2008.
The Harari–Shupe preon model (also known as rishon model, RM) is the earliest effort to develop a preon model to explain the phenomena appearing in the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. [1] It was first developed independently by Haim Harari and by Michael A. Shupe [2] and later expanded by Harari and his then-student Nathan Seiberg. [3]
Standard Model of Particle Physics. The diagram shows the elementary particles of the Standard Model (the Higgs boson, the three generations of quarks and leptons, and the gauge bosons), including their names, masses, spins, charges, chiralities, and interactions with the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces.
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The Higgs particle is a massive scalar elementary particle theorized by Peter Higgs in 1964, when he showed that Goldstone's 1962 theorem (generic continuous symmetry, which is spontaneously broken) provides a third polarisation of a massive vector field.