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HTML and XML provide ways to reference Unicode characters when the characters themselves either cannot or should not be used. A numeric character reference refers to a character by its Universal Character Set/Unicode code point, and a character entity reference refers to a character by a predefined name.
Latin and Greek letters are used in mathematics, science, engineering, and other areas where mathematical notation is used as symbols for constants, special functions, and also conventionally for variables representing certain quantities.
2. Double factorial: if n is a positive integer, n!! is the product of all positive integers up to n with the same parity as n, and is read as "the double factorial of n". 3. Subfactorial: if n is a positive integer, !n is the number of derangements of a set of n elements, and is read as "the subfactorial of n". *
The letter apostrophe may be used, for example, in transliterations to represent the Arabic glottal stop [118] or the Cyrillic "soft sign", or in some orthographies such as cʼh of Breton, [119] where this combination is an independent trigraph. ICANN considers this the proper character for Ukrainian apostrophe within IDNs. [120]
The German alphabet is sometimes considered by tradition to contain only 26 letters (with ä , ö , ü considered variants and ß considered a ligature of ſ and s ), but the current German orthographic rules include ä , ö , ü , ß in the alphabet placed after Z . In Spanish orthography, the letters n and ñ are distinct; the tilde is not ...
The prime symbol ′ is commonly used to represent feet (ft), and the double prime ″ is used to represent inches (in). [2] The triple prime ‴, as used in watchmaking, represents a ligne (1 ⁄ 12 of a "French" inch, or pouce, about 2.26 millimetres or 0.089 inches).
In written French, elision (both phonetic and orthographic) is obligatory for the following words: the definite articles le and la. le garçon ("the boy"), la fille ("the girl") le + arbre → l'arbre ("the tree"), la + église → l'église ("the church") the subject pronouns je and ce (when they occur before the verb) Je dors. ("I sleep") Ce ...
The characters in the "Spacing Modifier Letters" block are intended as forming a unity with the preceding letter (which they "modify"). E.g. the character U+02B0 ʰ MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H isn't intended simply as a superscript h (h), but as the mark of aspiration placed after the letter being aspirated, as in pʰ "aspirated voiceless bilabial ...