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Female workers forage to feed themselves and non-foragers, such as the queen, larvae, and males. They help to build the nest and care for the larvae. [ 11 ] Workers regulate the foraging levels within the colony through aggression, and are a good example of self regulation in insect societies. [ 12 ]
Ammophila urnaria feeds on nectar and can often be seen on the flower heads of sorrel or onion. [2] The breeding season is in summer. The female wasp digs a succession of burrows in sandy soil, provisioning each burrow with one or more paralysed caterpillars, lays an egg on the first caterpillar in each and seals the hole.
Winged female and wingless male. Blastophaga psenes is a wasp species in the genus Blastophaga. It pollinates the common fig Ficus carica and the closely related Ficus palmata. [3] These wasps breed in figs without the need for a colony or nest, and the adults live for only a few days or weeks. [4]
The female giant ichneumon wasp Megarhyssa macrurus is 12.5 centimetres (5 in) long including its very long but slender ovipositor which is used for boring into wood and inserting eggs. [17]
R.A. Fisher developed an explanation, known as Fisher's principle, of why sex ratios in many animals are 1:1. [4] If there were 10 times more females in a population than males, a male would on average be able to mate with more partners than a female would.
An average female wasp will produce over 600 ng of viral DNA in each ovary, more than enough for her lifetime. An average female will lay 1757 +/- 945 eggs in her lifetime, and only 0.1 ng of viral DNA is injected per egg. [7] [8]
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On average, female forewing length lies between 2.5 and 3 cm (0.98 and 1.18 in). [7] Females are larger than males and live for a year, a time just long enough to produce a brood, whereas the males die in only a few days, just enough time to impregnate a female. [ 6 ]