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Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a Lentivirus that affects cats worldwide, with 2.5% to 4.4% [1] [2] of felines being infected.. FIV was first isolated in 1986, by Niels C Pedersen and Janet K. Yamamoto at the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine in a colony of cats that had a high prevalence of opportunistic infections and degenerative conditions and was originally called Feline T ...
The virus is shed in feces, and cats become infected by ingesting or inhaling the virus, usually by sharing cat litter trays, or by the use of contaminated litter scoops or brushes transmitting infected microscopic cat litter particles to uninfected kittens and cats. [10]
Feline disease refers to infections or illnesses that affect cats. They may cause symptoms, sickness or the death of the animal. Some diseases are symptomatic in one cat but asymptomatic in others. Feline diseases are often opportunistic and tend to be more serious in cats that already have concurrent sicknesses.
Felines infected with Feline foamy virus are often infected with FIV as well. FIV, also a retrovirus, will have more noticeable symptoms such as swollen joints, enlarged lymph nodes, and difficulty walking. Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is another retrovirus that causes a common infectious disease in felines by suppressing the immune system.
Female cats typically outlive male cats, and crossbred cats typically outlive purebred cats. [2] [4] It has also been found that the greater a cat's weight, the lower its life expectancy on average. [4] The current oldest verified cat alive is Flossie, who was born in 1995 in the United Kingdom. [10]
In a large group of cats, n, the epidemiological risk of mutation (E) is higher and expressed theoretically as: E = n 2 −n. A house hosting 2 cats therefore has risk of mutation E = 2. When 4 kittens (6 cats in total) are born into this house, the risk increases from 2 to 30 (6 2 −6). Overcrowding increases the risk of mutation and ...
An important infectious skin disease of cats is ringworm, or dermatophytosis.Other cat skin infections include parasitic diseases like mange and lice infestations.. Other ectoparasites, including fleas and ticks, are not considered directly contagious but are acquired from an environment where other infested hosts have established the parasite's life cycle.
These recommendations take into account considerations for the efficacy and duration of immunity (DOI) [1] of available vaccines; environmental risks and likelihood of exposure; the specific needs and risks associated with age and overall health status of different cats and cat populations; and socioeconomic limitations.