Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The fluorescein is administered intravenously in intravenous fluorescein angiography (IVFA) and orally in oral fluorescein angiography (OFA). The test is a dye tracing method. The fluorescein dye also reappears in the patient urine, causing the urine to appear darker, and sometimes orange. [2] It can also cause discolouration of the saliva.
[7] [3] When used by mouth or injection, side effects may include headache, nausea, and a change to the color of the skin for a brief period of time. [3] Allergic reactions may rarely occur. [3] Fluorescein is a dye which is taken up by damaged cornea such that the area appears green under cobalt blue light. [3]
Effects such as anaphylactic shock, hypotension, tachycardia, dyspnea and urticaria only occurred in individual cases; the risk of severe side-effects rises in patients with chronic kidney impairment. [14] The frequencies of mild, moderate and severe side-effects were only 0.15%, 0.2% and 0.05%; the rate of deaths is 1:333,333.
Fluorescein is a fluorophore commonly used in microscopy, in a type of dye laser as the gain medium, in forensics and serology to detect latent blood stains, and in dye tracing. Fluorescein has an absorption maximum at 494 nm and emission maximum of 512 nm (in water).
The most common angiographic techniques were fluorescein (FA) or indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), which both involve the use of an injectable dye. Intravenous dye injection is time-consuming and can have adverse side effects.
Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) is a diagnostic procedure used to examine choroidal blood flow and associated pathology. Indocyanine green (ICG) is a water soluble cyanine dye which shows fluorescence in near-infrared (790–805 nm) range, with peak spectral absorption of 800-810 nm in blood.
In 1983, Slogoff and colleagues reviewed 1,782 radial artery cannulations and found that 25% of them resulted in complete radial artery occlusion, without apparent adverse effects. [5] A number of reports have been published in which permanent ischemic sequelae occurred even in the presence of a normal Allen's test.
If the results of the ultrasound and intracranial imaging are normal, "renewed diagnostic efforts may be made," during which fluorescein angiography is an appropriate consideration. However, carotid angiography may not be necessary in the presence of a normal ultrasound and CT.