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These late hulks could be as large as contemporary great ships. Jesus of Lübeck of 1544 was a ship of 700 long tons (780 short tons; 710 t), the same as the Mary Rose. [7] However, how similar later medieval hulks were to their ancestors is unknown. There is some evidence of hybridization with the cog form, showing both hulk and post ...
They were used primarily for trade in north-west medieval Europe, especially by the Hanseatic League. Typical seagoing cogs were from 15 to 25 meters (49 to 82 ft) long, 5 to 8 meters (16 to 26 ft) wide, and were of 30–200 tons burthen .
Medieval galleys are believed to have been considerably slower, especially since they were not designed for ramming. A cruising speed of no more than 5 km/h (3 mph) has been estimated. A sprint speed of up to 13 km/h (8 mph) was possible for 20–30 minutes, but risked exhausting the rowers completely. [151]
The average speed of Viking ships varied from ship to ship but lay in the range of 5 to 10 knots (9 to 19 km/h), and the maximum speed of a longship under favorable conditions was from 13 knots (24 km/h) to 17 knots (31 km/h).
Samples taken from the roughly 50-foot-long oak hull, which lies under about 75 feet of water, were subjected to dendrochronological analysis, a technique for dating trees based on their rings.
Thus, it was around 16 meters long (53 feet) and could carry up to 30 tons (60,000 lbs) of cargo. The final change was the implementation of the sail into Viking ship making. Due to adding sails to the knarr, it was an incredibly low maintenance ship, only needing a crew of six to manage.
The ships depicted have a long hull, a high transom and a rudder. They have a long projecting prow, with a fairly sizable cabin on the poop. Each ship has one mast, each with a crow's nest, and a triangular sail resembling a lugsail. The rigging, with its stays, shrouds, sheets and tacks, braces, lifts and blocks, is unremarkable.
The interior of the cathedral church at Clonmacnoise. The airship of Clonmacnoise is the subject of a historical anecdote related in numerous medieval sources. Though the original report, in the Irish annals, simply mentioned an apparition of ships with their crews in the sky over Ireland in the 740s, later accounts through the Middle Ages progressively expanded on this with picturesque details.